The Functional Role of MnSOD as a Biomarker of Human Diseases and Therapeutic Potential of a New Isoform of a Human Recombinant MnSOD

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated as a consequence of metabolic reactions in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. This work describes the role of the manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) as a biomarker of different human diseases and proposes a new therapeutic application for the preven...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-11
Main Authors: Borrelli, Antonella, Schiattarella, Antonietta, Bonelli, Patrizia, Tuccillo, Franca Maria, Buonaguro, Franco Maria, Mancini, Aldo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - metabolism
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Cell Line, Tumor
Copper
Cytotoxicity
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Disease
DNA
Endothelium
Enzymes
Free radicals
Gene amplification
Gene expression
Gene therapy
Health aspects
Humans
Hydrogen peroxide
Influence
Liposarcoma - genetics
Liposarcoma - pathology
Liposarcoma - therapy
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondria - pathology
Mitochondrial DNA
Molecular Targeted Therapy
Mutation
Nanoparticles
Oxidative stress
Peptides
Protein Isoforms - genetics
Protein Isoforms - therapeutic use
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Review
Rodents
Signal transduction
Superoxide Dismutase - genetics
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Superoxide Dismutase - therapeutic use
Zinc
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Summary:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated as a consequence of metabolic reactions in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. This work describes the role of the manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) as a biomarker of different human diseases and proposes a new therapeutic application for the prevention of cancer and its treatment. The paper also describes how a new form of human MnSOD was discovered, its initial application, and its clinical potentials. The MnSOD isolated from a human liposarcoma cell line (LSA) was able to kill cancer cells expressing estrogen receptors, but it did not have cytotoxic effects on normal cells. Together with its oncotoxic activity, the recombinant MnSOD (rMnSOD) exerts a radioprotective effect on normal cells irradiated with X-rays. The rMnSOD is characterized by the presence of a leader peptide, which allows the protein to enter cells: this unique property can be used in the radiodiagnosis of cancer or chemotherapy, conjugating radioactive substances or chemotherapic drugs to the leader peptide of the MnSOD. Compared to traditional chemotherapic agents, the drugs conjugated with the leader peptide of MnSOD can selectively reach and enter cancer cells, thus reducing the side effects of traditional treatments.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2014/476789