Modulation of obesity-induced inflammation by dietary fats: mechanisms and clinical evidence

Obesity plays a pivotal role in the development of low-grade inflammation. Dietary fatty acids are important modulators of inflammatory responses. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been reported to exert pro-inflammatory effects. n-3 PUFA in particular, poss...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition journal 2014-01, Vol.13 (1), p.12-12, Article 12
Main Authors: Teng, Kim-Tiu, Chang, Chee-Yan, Chang, Lin Faun, Nesaretnam, Kalanithi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anti-inflammatory activity
clinical trials
Cytokines
dietary fat
Dietary Fats - therapeutic use
Dietary supplements
Evidence-based medicine
Fatty acids
Health aspects
Humans
Immune system
inflammation
Inflammation - diet therapy
Insulin resistance
Male
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - diet therapy
Oils & fats
omega-3 fatty acids
omega-6 fatty acids
Overweight - diet therapy
Physiological aspects
polyunsaturated fatty acids
postprandial state
Review
saturated fatty acids
Signal Transduction - drug effects
Toll-Like Receptor 4
weight loss
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Summary:Obesity plays a pivotal role in the development of low-grade inflammation. Dietary fatty acids are important modulators of inflammatory responses. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been reported to exert pro-inflammatory effects. n-3 PUFA in particular, possess anti-inflammatory properties. Numerous clinical studies have been conducted over decades to investigate the impact of dietary fatty acids on inflammatory response in obese individuals, however the findings remained uncertain. High fat meals have been reported to increase pro-inflammatory responses, however there is limited evidence to support the role of individual dietary fatty acids in a postprandial state. Evidence in chronic studies is contradictory, the effects of individual dietary fatty acids deserves further attention. Weight loss rather than n-3 PUFA supplementation may play a more prominent role in alleviating low grade inflammation. In this context, the present review provides an update on the mechanistic insight and the influence of dietary fats on low grade inflammation, based on clinical evidence from acute and chronic clinical studies in obese and overweight individuals.
ISSN:1475-2891
1475-2891
DOI:10.1186/1475-2891-13-12