Exploring neighborhood influences on small-area variations in intimate partner violence risk: a Bayesian random-effects modeling approach

This paper uses spatial data of cases of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) to examine neighborhood-level influences on small-area variations in IPVAW risk in a police district of the city of Valencia (Spain). To analyze area variations in IPVAW risk and its association with neighborhoo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2014-01, Vol.11 (1), p.866-882
Main Authors: Gracia, Enrique, López-Quílez, Antonio, Marco, Miriam, Lladosa, Silvia, Lila, Marisol
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bayes Theorem
Bayesian analysis
Cities
Crime
Domestic violence
Domestic Violence - statistics & numerical data
Emigrants and Immigrants
Environmental health
Female
Humans
Influence
Models, Theoretical
Neighborhoods
Regression Analysis
Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data
Risk Assessment
Spain
Women
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Summary:This paper uses spatial data of cases of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) to examine neighborhood-level influences on small-area variations in IPVAW risk in a police district of the city of Valencia (Spain). To analyze area variations in IPVAW risk and its association with neighborhood-level explanatory variables we use a Bayesian spatial random-effects modeling approach, as well as disease mapping methods to represent risk probabilities in each area. Analyses show that IPVAW cases are more likely in areas of high immigrant concentration, high public disorder and crime, and high physical disorder. Results also show a spatial component indicating remaining variability attributable to spatially structured random effects. Bayesian spatial modeling offers a new perspective to identify IPVAW high and low risk areas, and provides a new avenue for the design of better-informed prevention and intervention strategies.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph110100866