Composition, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil and Oleoresins Obtained from Black Cumin Seeds (Nigella sativa L.)

• Published in: BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-10
• Main Authors: Singh, Sunita, Das, S. S., Singh, G., Schuff, Carola, de Lampasona, Marina P., Catalán, César A. N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Antimicrobial agents; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Bacteria; Bacteria - drug effects; Biomedical research; Biphenyl Compounds - metabolism; Calibration; Chemicals; Chemistry; E coli; Essences and essential oils; Ethanol; Fatty acids; Food; Free Radical Scavengers - pharmacology; Fusarium - drug effects; Fusarium moniliforme; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Linseed Oil - pharmacology; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nigella sativa; Nigella sativa - chemistry; Oils & fats; Oils, Volatile - pharmacology; Oleoresins; Picrates - metabolism; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Retention; Seeds; Seeds - chemistry; Sensors; Solvents; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism; Volatility
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/918209

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the major components in black cumin essential oils which were thymoquinone (37.6%) followed by p-cymene (31.2%), α-thujene (5.6%), thymohydroquinone (3.4%), and longifolene (2.0%), whereas the oleoresins extracted in different solvents contain linoleic acid as a major component. The antioxidant activity of essential oil and oleoresins was evaluated against linseed oil system at 200 ppm concentration by peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid value, ferric thiocyanate, ferrous ion chelating activity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging methods. The essential oil and ethyl acetate oleoresin were found to be better than synthetic antioxidants. The total phenol contents (gallic acid equivalents, mg GAE per g) in black cumin essential oil, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and n-hexane oleoresins were calculated as 11.47±0.05, 10.88±0.9, 9.68±0.06, and 8.33±0.01, respectively, by Folin-Ciocalteau method. The essential oil showed up to 90% zone inhibition against Fusarium moniliforme in inverted petri plate method. Using agar well diffusion method for evaluating antibacterial activity, the essential oil was found to be highly effective against Gram-positive bacteria.