B Lymphocytes in obesity-related adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance

Obesity-related insulin resistance is a chronic inflammatory condition that often gives rise to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Much evidence supports a role for pro-inflammatory T cells and macrophages in promoting local inflammation in tissues such as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) leading to insulin resist...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2014-03, Vol.71 (6), p.1033-1043
Main Authors: Winer, Daniel A., Winer, Shawn, Chng, Melissa H. Y., Shen, Lei, Engleman, Edgar G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Animals
antibodies
antigens
B-lymphocytes
B-Lymphocytes - immunology
B-Lymphocytes - pathology
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Body fat
Cell Biology
cytokines
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - immunology
glucose
homeostasis
Humans
inflammation
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - physiopathology
Insulin resistance
Insulin Resistance - immunology
Insulin Resistance - physiology
Intra-Abdominal Fat - cytology
Intra-Abdominal Fat - immunology
Life Sciences
Lymphocyte Activation - immunology
Lymphocytes
macrophages
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Obesity - immunology
Obesity - pathology
Review
T cell receptors
T-lymphocytes
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Summary:Obesity-related insulin resistance is a chronic inflammatory condition that often gives rise to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Much evidence supports a role for pro-inflammatory T cells and macrophages in promoting local inflammation in tissues such as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) leading to insulin resistance. More recently, B cells have emerged as an additional critical player in orchestrating these processes. B cells infiltrate VAT and display functional and phenotypic changes in response to diet-induced obesity. B cells contribute to insulin resistance by presenting antigens to T cells, secreting inflammatory cytokines, and producing pathogenic antibodies. B cell manipulation represents a novel approach to the treatment of obesity-related insulin resistance and potentially to the prevention of T2D. This review summarizes the roles of B cells in governing VAT inflammation and the mechanisms by which these cells contribute to altered glucose homeostasis in insulin resistance.
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-013-1486-y