ACTIN DEPOLYMERIZING FACTOR4 Regulates Actin Dynamics during Innate Immune Signaling in Arabidopsis

Conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) are sensed by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on cells of plants and animals. MAMP perception typically triggers rearrangements to actin cytoskeletal arrays during innate immune signaling. However, the signaling cascades linking PRR activa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Plant cell 2014-01, Vol.26 (1), p.340-352
Main Authors: Henty-Ridilla, Jessica L., Li, Jiejie, Day, Brad, Staiger, Christopher J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actin Cytoskeleton - metabolism
Actin Depolymerizing Factors - genetics
Actin Depolymerizing Factors - metabolism
Actin Depolymerizing Factors - physiology
Actins
Actins - metabolism
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - immunology
Arabidopsis - metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins - physiology
Chitin
Chitin - immunology
Epidermal cells
Gene expression regulation
Gene Knockout Techniques
Genes
Hypocotyls
Immunity, Innate - genetics
Innate immunity
Microfilaments
Phenotype
Plant cells
Plants
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - genetics
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - metabolism
Receptors, Pattern Recognition - physiology
Signal Transduction - immunology
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Summary:Conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) are sensed by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on cells of plants and animals. MAMP perception typically triggers rearrangements to actin cytoskeletal arrays during innate immune signaling. However, the signaling cascades linking PRR activation by MAMPs to cytoskeleton remodeling are not well characterized. Here, we developed a system to dissect, at high spatial and temporal resolution, the regulation of actin dynamics during innate immune signaling in plant cells. Within minutes of MAMP perception, we detected changes to single actin filament turnover in epidermal cells treated with bacterial and fungal MAMPs. These MAMP-induced alterations phenocopied an ACTIN DEPOLYMERIZING FACTOR4 (ADF4) knockout mutant. Moreover, actin arrays in the adf4 mutant were unresponsive to a bacterial MAMP, elf26, but responded normally to the fungal MAMP, chitin. Together, our data provide strong genetic and cytological evidence for the inhibition of ADF activity regulating actin remodeling during innate immune signaling. This work is the first to directly link an ADF/cofilin to the cytoskeletal rearrangements elicited directly after pathogen perception in plant or mammalian cells.
ISSN:1040-4651
1532-298X
DOI:10.1105/tpc.113.122499