Genome-Wide Study of Percent Emphysema on Computed Tomography in the General Population: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Lung/SNP Health Association Resource Study

• Published in: American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2014-02, Vol.189 (4), p.408-418
• Main Authors: MANICHAIKUL, Ani, HOFFMAN, Eric A, KAUFMAN, Joel D, POTTINGER, Tess, POWELL, Charles A, WIJMENGA, Cisca, ZANEN, Pieter, GROEN, Harry J. M, POSTMA, Dirkje S, WANNER, Adam, ROUHANI, Farshid N, BRANTLY, Mark L, SMOLONSKA, Joanna, POWELL, Rhea, SMITH, Benjamin M, RABINOWITZ, Dan, RAFFEL, Leslie J, STUKOVSKY, Karen D. Hinckley, CRAPO, James D, BEATY, Terri H, HOKANSON, John E, SILVERMAN, Edwin K, DUPUIS, Josée, WEI GAO, O'CONNOR, George T, BOEZEN, H. Marike, RICH, Stephen S, BARR, R. Graham, CHO, Michael H, BAUMHAUER, Heather, BUDOFF, Matthew, AUSTIN, John H. M, WASHKO, George R, CARR, J. Jeffrey
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: African Americans; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; alpha-Mannosidase - genetics; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research); Autopsies; Biological and medical sciences; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cardiovascular disease; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma; Emphysema; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gene loci; Genetic engineering; Genetic Markers; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomes; Genotyping Techniques; Hispanic people; Humans; Intensive care medicine; Male; Mannosidases - genetics; Medical imaging; Medical sciences; Medical screening; Middle Aged; Minority & ethnic groups; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases - genetics; Nerve Tissue Proteins - genetics; Original; Pneumology; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Pulmonary Emphysema - diagnostic imaging; Pulmonary Emphysema - ethnology; Pulmonary Emphysema - genetics; RNA Helicases - genetics; Scanners; snRNP Core Proteins - genetics; Thiolester Hydrolases - genetics; Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; United States - epidemiology
• ISSN: 1073-449X; 1535-4970
• DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201306-1061oc

Pulmonary emphysema overlaps partially with spirometrically defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is heritable, with moderately high familial clustering. To complete a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for the percentage of emphysema-like lung on computed tomography in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Lung/SNP Health Association Resource (SHARe) Study, a large, population-based cohort in the United States. We determined percent emphysema and upper-lower lobe ratio in emphysema defined by lung regions less than -950 HU on cardiac scans. Genetic analyses were reported combined across four race/ethnic groups: non-Hispanic white (n = 2,587), African American (n = 2,510), Hispanic (n = 2,113), and Chinese (n = 704) and stratified by race and ethnicity. Among 7,914 participants, we identified regions at genome-wide significance for percent emphysema in or near SNRPF (rs7957346; P = 2.2 × 10(-8)) and PPT2 (rs10947233; P = 3.2 × 10(-8)), both of which replicated in an additional 6,023 individuals of European ancestry. Both single-nucleotide polymorphisms were previously implicated as genes influencing lung function, and analyses including lung function revealed independent associations for percent emphysema. Among Hispanics, we identified a genetic locus for upper-lower lobe ratio near the α-mannosidase-related gene MAN2B1 (rs10411619; P = 1.1 × 10(-9); minor allele frequency [MAF], 4.4%). Among Chinese, we identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with upper-lower lobe ratio near DHX15 (rs7698250; P = 1.8 × 10(-10); MAF, 2.7%) and MGAT5B (rs7221059; P = 2.7 × 10(-8); MAF, 2.6%), which acts on α-linked mannose. Among African Americans, a locus near a third α-mannosidase-related gene, MAN1C1 (rs12130495; P = 9.9 × 10(-6); MAF, 13.3%) was associated with percent emphysema. Our results suggest that some genes previously identified as influencing lung function are independently associated with emphysema rather than lung function, and that genes related to α-mannosidase may influence risk of emphysema.