Engaging adaptive immunity with biomaterials

Adaptive immune responses, characterized by T cells and B cells engaging and responding to specific antigens, can be raised by biomaterials containing proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules. How does one avoid, control, or exploit such responses? This review will discuss major properties and pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Materials for biology and medicine, 2014-05, Vol.2 (17), p.2409-2421
Main Authors: Mora-Solano, Carolina, Collier, Joel H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adaptive immunity
antibodies
Antigens
B-lymphocytes
biocompatible materials
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Biomolecules
chemistry
epitopes
immune response
Immunity
immunotherapy
Peptides
phenotype
proteins
Repair
Surgical implants
T-lymphocytes
tissue engineering
tissue repair
vaccines
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Summary:Adaptive immune responses, characterized by T cells and B cells engaging and responding to specific antigens, can be raised by biomaterials containing proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules. How does one avoid, control, or exploit such responses? This review will discuss major properties and processes that influence biomaterials-directed adaptive immunity, including the physical dimensions of a material, its epitope content, and its multivalency. Selected strategies involving novel biomaterials designs will be discussed to illustrate these points of control. Specific immunological processes that biomaterials are being developed to direct will be highlighted, including minimally inflammatory scaffolds for tissue repair and immunotherapies eliciting desired B cell (antibody) responses, T cell responses, or tolerance. The continuing development of a knowledge base for specifying the strength and phenotype of biomaterials-mediated adaptive immune responses is important, not only for the engineering of better vaccines and immunotherapies, but also for managing immune responses against newer generations of increasingly biological and biomolecular materials in contexts such as tissue repair, tissue engineering, or cell delivery.
ISSN:2050-750X
2050-7518
2050-7518
DOI:10.1039/c3tb21549k