Neural Regulation of Cardiovascular Response to Exercise : Role of Central Command and Peripheral Afferents

During dynamic exercise, mechanisms controlling the cardiovascular apparatus operate to provide adequate oxygen to fulfill metabolic demand of exercising muscles and to guarantee metabolic end-products washout. Moreover, arterial blood pressure is regulated to maintain adequate perfusion of the vita...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-20
Main Authors: Nobrega, Antonio C. L., O'Leary, Donal, Silva, Bruno Moreira, Marongiu, Elisabetta, Piepoli, Massimo F., Crisafulli, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood pressure
Brain - physiology
Cardiovascular System - innervation
Circulatory system
Exercise
Humans
Metabolic disorders
Neurons, Afferent - physiology
Peripheral Nervous System - physiology
Reflex - physiology
Reflexes
Review
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Summary:During dynamic exercise, mechanisms controlling the cardiovascular apparatus operate to provide adequate oxygen to fulfill metabolic demand of exercising muscles and to guarantee metabolic end-products washout. Moreover, arterial blood pressure is regulated to maintain adequate perfusion of the vital organs without excessive pressure variations. The autonomic nervous system adjustments are characterized by a parasympathetic withdrawal and a sympathetic activation. In this review, we briefly summarize neural reflexes operating during dynamic exercise. The main focus of the present review will be on the central command, the arterial baroreflex and chemoreflex, and the exercise pressure reflex. The regulation and integration of these reflexes operating during dynamic exercise and their possible role in the pathophysiology of some cardiovascular diseases are also discussed.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2014/478965