Sex differences in force attenuation: a clinical assessment of single-leg hop performance on a portable force plate

Objective Impaired biomechanics and neuromuscular control have been suggested as probable links to female sex bias in the onset of patellofemoral pain syndrome. There are limited objective, clinical measures for assessment of impaired biomechanics and neuromuscular control. The primary objective of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of sports medicine 2011-03, Vol.45 (3), p.198-202
Main Authors: Harrison, A D, Ford, K R, Myer, G D, Hewett, T E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Age
Athletes
Basketball - physiology
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomechanics
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Females
Gender differences
High school basketball
Humans
Hypotheses
Investigations
Laboratories
Leg - physiology
Male
Movement - physiology
Risk factors
Sex Characteristics
Soccer - physiology
Sports injuries
Sports medicine
Sports Medicine - instrumentation
Variance analysis
Young adults
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Summary:Objective Impaired biomechanics and neuromuscular control have been suggested as probable links to female sex bias in the onset of patellofemoral pain syndrome. There are limited objective, clinical measures for assessment of impaired biomechanics and neuromuscular control. The primary objective of this investigation was to examine sex differences in vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and force loading rate in young athletes performing maximum, repeated vertical single-leg hops (RVSHs). The authors hypothesised that females would demonstrate greater vGRF and force loading rate than males and show interlimb differences in force attenuation. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Paediatric sports medicine clinic. Participants 109 Healthy high school, soccer and basketball athletes. Assessment of risk factors Participants performed RVSHs for 15 seconds on a portable force plate with a sampling rate of 400 Hz (Accupower; AMTI, Watertown, Massachusetts, USA). Main outcome measurements Raw vGRF was filtered with a generalised cross-validation spline using a 50-Hz cutoff frequency and then normalised to potential energy. Force loading rate was calculated by dividing normalised vGRF by time-to-peak force. Group means were compared using analysis of variance. Results The females demonstrated significantly greater normalised vGRF (p
ISSN:0306-3674
1473-0480
DOI:10.1136/bjsm.2009.061788