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Arterial vs venous blood gas differences during hemorrhagic shock
To characterize differences of arterial (ABG) and venous (VBG) blood gas analysis in a rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock. Following baseline arterial and venous blood gas analysis, fifty anesthetized, ventilated New Zealand white rabbits were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure...
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Published in: | World journal of critical care medicine 2014-05, Vol.3 (2), p.55-60 |
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creator | Williams, Kristopher Burton Christmas, Ashley Britton Heniford, Brant Todd Sing, Ronald Fong Messick, Joseph |
description | To characterize differences of arterial (ABG) and venous (VBG) blood gas analysis in a rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock.
Following baseline arterial and venous blood gas analysis, fifty anesthetized, ventilated New Zealand white rabbits were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg until a state of shock was obtained, as defined by arterial pH ≤ 7.2 and base deficit ≤ -15 mmol/L. Simultaneous ABG and VBG were obtained at 3 minute intervals. Comparisons of pH, base deficit, pCO2, and arteriovenous (a-v) differences were then made between ABG and VBG at baseline and shock states. Statistical analysis was applied where appropriate with a significance of P < 0.05.
All 50 animals were hemorrhaged to shock status and euthanized; no unexpected loss occurred. Significant differences were noted between baseline and shock states in blood gases for the following parameters: pH was significantly decreased in both arterial (7.39 ± 0.12 to 7.14 ± 0.18) and venous blood gases (7.35 ± 0.15 to 6.98 ± 0.26, P < 0.05), base deficit was significantly increased for arterial (-0.9 ± 3.9 mEq/L vs -17.8 ± 2.2 mEq/L) and venous blood gasses (-0.8 ± 3.8 mEq/L vs -15.3 ± 4.1 mEq/L, P < 0.05). pCO2 trends (baseline to shock) demonstrated a decrease in arterial blood (40.0 ± 9.1 mmHg vs 28.9 ± 7.1 mmHg) but an increase in venous blood (46.0 ± 10.1 mmHg vs 62.8 ± 15.3 mmHg), although these trends were non-significant. For calculated arteriovenous differences between baseline and shock states, only the pCO2 difference was shown to be significant during shock.
In this rabbit model, significant differences exist in blood gas measurements for arterial and venous blood after hemorrhagic shock. A widened pCO2 a-v difference during hemorrhage, reflective of poor tissue oxygenation, may be a better indicator of impending shock. |
doi_str_mv | 10.5492/wjccm.v3.i2.55 |
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Following baseline arterial and venous blood gas analysis, fifty anesthetized, ventilated New Zealand white rabbits were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg until a state of shock was obtained, as defined by arterial pH ≤ 7.2 and base deficit ≤ -15 mmol/L. Simultaneous ABG and VBG were obtained at 3 minute intervals. Comparisons of pH, base deficit, pCO2, and arteriovenous (a-v) differences were then made between ABG and VBG at baseline and shock states. Statistical analysis was applied where appropriate with a significance of P < 0.05.
All 50 animals were hemorrhaged to shock status and euthanized; no unexpected loss occurred. Significant differences were noted between baseline and shock states in blood gases for the following parameters: pH was significantly decreased in both arterial (7.39 ± 0.12 to 7.14 ± 0.18) and venous blood gases (7.35 ± 0.15 to 6.98 ± 0.26, P < 0.05), base deficit was significantly increased for arterial (-0.9 ± 3.9 mEq/L vs -17.8 ± 2.2 mEq/L) and venous blood gasses (-0.8 ± 3.8 mEq/L vs -15.3 ± 4.1 mEq/L, P < 0.05). pCO2 trends (baseline to shock) demonstrated a decrease in arterial blood (40.0 ± 9.1 mmHg vs 28.9 ± 7.1 mmHg) but an increase in venous blood (46.0 ± 10.1 mmHg vs 62.8 ± 15.3 mmHg), although these trends were non-significant. For calculated arteriovenous differences between baseline and shock states, only the pCO2 difference was shown to be significant during shock.
In this rabbit model, significant differences exist in blood gas measurements for arterial and venous blood after hemorrhagic shock. A widened pCO2 a-v difference during hemorrhage, reflective of poor tissue oxygenation, may be a better indicator of impending shock.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2220-3141</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2220-3141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v3.i2.55</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24892020</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited</publisher><subject>Brief</subject><ispartof>World journal of critical care medicine, 2014-05, Vol.3 (2), p.55-60</ispartof><rights>2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved. 2014</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2355-e9c177fb0123b66f3ef78c9c3c69cfee1b29be000e405796ca715e69ee4f4ff73</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4038813/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4038813/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24892020$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Williams, Kristopher Burton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christmas, Ashley Britton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heniford, Brant Todd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sing, Ronald Fong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messick, Joseph</creatorcontrib><title>Arterial vs venous blood gas differences during hemorrhagic shock</title><title>World journal of critical care medicine</title><addtitle>World J Crit Care Med</addtitle><description>To characterize differences of arterial (ABG) and venous (VBG) blood gas analysis in a rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock.
Following baseline arterial and venous blood gas analysis, fifty anesthetized, ventilated New Zealand white rabbits were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg until a state of shock was obtained, as defined by arterial pH ≤ 7.2 and base deficit ≤ -15 mmol/L. Simultaneous ABG and VBG were obtained at 3 minute intervals. Comparisons of pH, base deficit, pCO2, and arteriovenous (a-v) differences were then made between ABG and VBG at baseline and shock states. Statistical analysis was applied where appropriate with a significance of P < 0.05.
All 50 animals were hemorrhaged to shock status and euthanized; no unexpected loss occurred. Significant differences were noted between baseline and shock states in blood gases for the following parameters: pH was significantly decreased in both arterial (7.39 ± 0.12 to 7.14 ± 0.18) and venous blood gases (7.35 ± 0.15 to 6.98 ± 0.26, P < 0.05), base deficit was significantly increased for arterial (-0.9 ± 3.9 mEq/L vs -17.8 ± 2.2 mEq/L) and venous blood gasses (-0.8 ± 3.8 mEq/L vs -15.3 ± 4.1 mEq/L, P < 0.05). pCO2 trends (baseline to shock) demonstrated a decrease in arterial blood (40.0 ± 9.1 mmHg vs 28.9 ± 7.1 mmHg) but an increase in venous blood (46.0 ± 10.1 mmHg vs 62.8 ± 15.3 mmHg), although these trends were non-significant. For calculated arteriovenous differences between baseline and shock states, only the pCO2 difference was shown to be significant during shock.
In this rabbit model, significant differences exist in blood gas measurements for arterial and venous blood after hemorrhagic shock. A widened pCO2 a-v difference during hemorrhage, reflective of poor tissue oxygenation, may be a better indicator of impending shock.</description><subject>Brief</subject><issn>2220-3141</issn><issn>2220-3141</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkElPwzAQhS0EohX0yhHlyCXBa5YLUlWxSZW4wNly3HHiksTFboL49wRaqnKakebNmzcfQlcEJ4IX9PZzrXWbDCyxNBHiBE0ppThmhJPTo36CZiGsMcaEYEFSfo4mlOcFxRRP0Xzut-CtaqIhRAN0rg9R2Ti3iioVopU1Bjx0Gsa-97arohpa532tKqujUDv9fonOjGoCzPb1Ar093L8unuLly-PzYr6MNWVCxFBokmWmxISyMk0NA5PlutBMp4U2AKSkRQljSuBYZEWqVUYEpAUAN9yYjF2gu53vpi9bWGnotl41cuNtq_yXdMrK_5PO1rJyg-SY5Tlho8HN3sC7jx7CVrY2aGga1cH4tiSCUZ6NYNJRmuyk2rsQPJjDGYLlD3r5i14OTFoqhRgXro_DHeR_oNk3YviCcQ</recordid><startdate>20140504</startdate><enddate>20140504</enddate><creator>Williams, Kristopher Burton</creator><creator>Christmas, Ashley Britton</creator><creator>Heniford, Brant Todd</creator><creator>Sing, Ronald Fong</creator><creator>Messick, Joseph</creator><general>Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140504</creationdate><title>Arterial vs venous blood gas differences during hemorrhagic shock</title><author>Williams, Kristopher Burton ; Christmas, Ashley Britton ; Heniford, Brant Todd ; Sing, Ronald Fong ; Messick, Joseph</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2355-e9c177fb0123b66f3ef78c9c3c69cfee1b29be000e405796ca715e69ee4f4ff73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Brief</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Williams, Kristopher Burton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christmas, Ashley Britton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heniford, Brant Todd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sing, Ronald Fong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messick, Joseph</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>World journal of critical care medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Williams, Kristopher Burton</au><au>Christmas, Ashley Britton</au><au>Heniford, Brant Todd</au><au>Sing, Ronald Fong</au><au>Messick, Joseph</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Arterial vs venous blood gas differences during hemorrhagic shock</atitle><jtitle>World journal of critical care medicine</jtitle><addtitle>World J Crit Care Med</addtitle><date>2014-05-04</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>55</spage><epage>60</epage><pages>55-60</pages><issn>2220-3141</issn><eissn>2220-3141</eissn><abstract>To characterize differences of arterial (ABG) and venous (VBG) blood gas analysis in a rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock.
Following baseline arterial and venous blood gas analysis, fifty anesthetized, ventilated New Zealand white rabbits were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg until a state of shock was obtained, as defined by arterial pH ≤ 7.2 and base deficit ≤ -15 mmol/L. Simultaneous ABG and VBG were obtained at 3 minute intervals. Comparisons of pH, base deficit, pCO2, and arteriovenous (a-v) differences were then made between ABG and VBG at baseline and shock states. Statistical analysis was applied where appropriate with a significance of P < 0.05.
All 50 animals were hemorrhaged to shock status and euthanized; no unexpected loss occurred. Significant differences were noted between baseline and shock states in blood gases for the following parameters: pH was significantly decreased in both arterial (7.39 ± 0.12 to 7.14 ± 0.18) and venous blood gases (7.35 ± 0.15 to 6.98 ± 0.26, P < 0.05), base deficit was significantly increased for arterial (-0.9 ± 3.9 mEq/L vs -17.8 ± 2.2 mEq/L) and venous blood gasses (-0.8 ± 3.8 mEq/L vs -15.3 ± 4.1 mEq/L, P < 0.05). pCO2 trends (baseline to shock) demonstrated a decrease in arterial blood (40.0 ± 9.1 mmHg vs 28.9 ± 7.1 mmHg) but an increase in venous blood (46.0 ± 10.1 mmHg vs 62.8 ± 15.3 mmHg), although these trends were non-significant. For calculated arteriovenous differences between baseline and shock states, only the pCO2 difference was shown to be significant during shock.
In this rabbit model, significant differences exist in blood gas measurements for arterial and venous blood after hemorrhagic shock. A widened pCO2 a-v difference during hemorrhage, reflective of poor tissue oxygenation, may be a better indicator of impending shock.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited</pub><pmid>24892020</pmid><doi>10.5492/wjccm.v3.i2.55</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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title | Arterial vs venous blood gas differences during hemorrhagic shock |
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