Multilevel examination of the association of urbanization with inflammation in Chinese adults

We examine the associations between overall urbanicity and specific physical and social components of community-level urbanization with C-reactive protein (CRP) in adults participating in the China Health and Nutrition Study. Higher overall urbanicity and environment-related urbanicity component sco...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Health & place 2014-07, Vol.28, p.177-186
Main Authors: Thompson, Amanda L., Houck, Kelly M., Adair, Linda, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Popkin, Barry
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Biological and medical sciences
C-reactive protein
C-Reactive Protein - analysis
China
China - epidemiology
Community
Environment. Living conditions
Female
Gender
Health care
Health Surveys
Health technology assessment
Housing
Humans
Individual differences
Inflammation
Inflammation - blood
Inflammation - epidemiology
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Multilevel Analysis
Neighborhood health
Nutrition
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Risk theory
Sex Distribution
Urbanization
Young Adult
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Summary:We examine the associations between overall urbanicity and specific physical and social components of community-level urbanization with C-reactive protein (CRP) in adults participating in the China Health and Nutrition Study. Higher overall urbanicity and environment-related urbanicity component scores, including education, housing quality, and access to markets, were associated with elevated CRP in multilevel models controlling for clustering by community. These associations differed by age and gender and persisted after controlling for individual-level anthropometric, diet, and pathogenic risk factors. These results highlight the importance of place in relation to inflammation across the spectrum of rural and urban environments. •Higher levels of urbanicity are associated with greater risk of inflammation.•Physical and social components of urbanization are associated with elevated CRP.•Sensitivity of inflammation to urbanization differs by age and sex.•Individual risk factors do not completely explain the effect of urbanization on CRP.
ISSN:1353-8292
1873-2054
DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.05.003