ATP Release through Lysosomal Exocytosis from Peripheral Nerves : The Effect of Lysosomal Exocytosis on Peripheral Nerve Degeneration and Regeneration after Nerve Injury

Studies have shown that lysosomal activation increases in Schwann cells after nerve injury. Lysosomal activation is thought to promote the engulfment of myelin debris or fragments of injured axons in Schwann cells during Wallerian degeneration. However, a recent interpretation of lysosomal activatio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-6
Main Authors: Jung, Junyang, Jo, Hyun Woo, Kwon, Hyunseob, Jeong, Na Young
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism
Biomedical research
Cell growth
Degeneration
Demyelinating Diseases
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Exocytosis - genetics
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - metabolism
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - pathology
Humans
Lysosomes
Lysosomes - metabolism
Nerve Regeneration
Nervous system
Neurons
Neurosciences
Peripheral Nerve Injuries - metabolism
Peripheral Nerve Injuries - pathology
Peripheral Nerves - metabolism
Peripheral Nerves - pathology
Physiological aspects
Plasma
Proteins
Review
Schwann Cells - metabolism
Schwann Cells - pathology
Studies
Wallerian Degeneration - metabolism
Wallerian Degeneration - pathology
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Summary:Studies have shown that lysosomal activation increases in Schwann cells after nerve injury. Lysosomal activation is thought to promote the engulfment of myelin debris or fragments of injured axons in Schwann cells during Wallerian degeneration. However, a recent interpretation of lysosomal activation proposes a different view of the phenomenon. During Wallerian degeneration, lysosomes become secretory vesicles and are activated for lysosomal exocytosis. The lysosomal exocytosis triggers adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) release from peripheral neurons and Schwann cells during Wallerian degeneration. Exocytosis is involved in demyelination and axonal degradation, which facilitate nerve regeneration following nerve degeneration. At this time, released ATP may affect the communication between cells in peripheral nerves. In this review, our description of the relationship between lysosomal exocytosis and Wallerian degeneration has implications for the understanding of peripheral nerve degenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease or Guillain-Barré syndrome.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2014/936891