Antagonizing Interferon-Mediated Immune Response by Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Interferons (IFNs) are important components in innate immunity involved in the first line of defense to protect host against viral infection. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) leads to severe economic losses for swine industry since being first identified in early 1990s. PR...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-9
Main Authors: Wang, Rong, Zhang, Yan-Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical research
Colleges & universities
Cytokines
Development and progression
Diseases
Hogs
Immune response
Immune system
Immunity, Innate
Interferon
Interferons - antagonists & inhibitors
Interferons - immunology
Macrophages, Alveolar - immunology
Physiological aspects
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - immunology
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - pathology
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - virology
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - immunology
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - metabolism
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - pathogenicity
Review
Signal Transduction
Swine
Viral infections
Virus research
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Summary:Interferons (IFNs) are important components in innate immunity involved in the first line of defense to protect host against viral infection. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) leads to severe economic losses for swine industry since being first identified in early 1990s. PRRSV interplays with host IFN production and IFN-activated signaling, which may contribute to the delayed onset and low level of neutralizing antibodies, as well as weak cell-mediated immune response in infected pigs. PRRSV encodes several proteins that act as antagonists for the IFN signaling. In this review, we summarized the various strategies used by PRRSV to antagonize IFN production and thwart IFN-activated antiviral signaling, as well as the variable interference with IFN-mediated immune response by different PRRSV strains. Thorough understanding of the interaction between PRRSV and host innate immune response will facilitate elucidation of PRRSV pathogenesis and development of a better strategy to control PRRS.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2014/315470