Biotin-Responsive Basal Ganglia Disease: A Treatable Differential Diagnosis of Leigh Syndrome

Biotin-responsive basal ganglia disease (BBGD) is an autosomal recessive disorder, which is caused by mutations in the SLC19A3 gene. BBGD typically causes (sub)acute episodes with encephalopathy and subsequent neurological deterioration. If untreated, the clinical course may be fatal. Our report on...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Distelmaier, Felix, Huppke, Peter, Pieperhoff, Peter, Amunts, Katrin, Schaper, Jörg, Morava, Eva, Mayatepek, Ertan, Kohlhase, Jürgen, Karenfort, Michael
Format: Book Chapter
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Leigh Syndrome
SLC19A3 Gene
Vasogenic Edema
Ventral Globus Pallidus
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Summary:Biotin-responsive basal ganglia disease (BBGD) is an autosomal recessive disorder, which is caused by mutations in the SLC19A3 gene. BBGD typically causes (sub)acute episodes with encephalopathy and subsequent neurological deterioration. If untreated, the clinical course may be fatal. Our report on a 6-year-old child with BBGD highlights that the disease is a crucial differential diagnosis of Leigh syndrome. Therefore, biotin and thiamine treatment is recommended for any patient with symmetrical basal ganglia lesions and neurological symptoms until BBGD is excluded. In addition, we exemplify that deformation-field-based morphometry of brain magnetic resonance images constitutes a novel quantitative tool, which might be very useful to monitor disease course and therapeutic effects in neurometabolic disorders.
ISSN:2192-8304
2192-8312
DOI:10.1007/8904_2013_271