Platelet Concentration in Platelet-Rich Plasma Affects Tenocyte Behavior In Vitro

• Published in: BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-12
• Main Authors: Giusti, Ilaria, D’Ascenzo, Sandra, Mancò, Annalisa, Di Stefano, Gabriella, Di Francesco, Marianna, Rughetti, Anna, Dal Mas, Antonella, Properzi, Gianfranco, Calvisi, Vittorio, Dolo, Vincenza
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Blood Platelets - metabolism; Blood Platelets - physiology; Cell Movement - physiology; Cell proliferation; Cell Proliferation - physiology; Collagen - metabolism; Epidermal growth factor; Female; Humans; Insulin-like growth factors; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism; Middle Aged; Plasma; Platelet-rich plasma; Platelet-Rich Plasma - metabolism; Platelet-Rich Plasma - physiology; Proteolysis; Tendons; Tendons - metabolism; Tendons - physiology; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Wound Healing - physiology
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/630870

Since tendon injuries and tendinopathy are a growing problem, sometimes requiring surgery, new strategies that improve conservative therapies are needed. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) seems to be a good candidate by virtue of its high content of growth factors, most of which are involved in tendon healing. This study aimed to evaluate if different concentrations of platelets in PRP have different effects on the biological features of normal human tenocytes that are usually required during tendon healing. The different platelet concentrations tested (up to 5 × 106 plt/µL) stimulated differently tenocytes behavior; intermediate concentrations (0.5 × 106, 1 × 106 plt/µL) strongly induced all tested processes (proliferation, migration, collagen, and MMPs production) if compared to untreated cells; on the contrary, the highest concentration had inhibitory effects on proliferation and strongly reduced migration abilities and overall collagen production but, at the same time, induced increasing MMP production, which could be counterproductive because excessive proteolysis could impair tendon mechanical stability. Thus, these in vitro data strongly suggest the need for a compromise between extremely high and low platelet concentrations to obtain an optimal global effect when inducing in vivo tendon healing.