The Role of MicroRNAs in Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of malignant gynecological tumors. Its lethality may be due to difficulties in detecting it at an early stage and lack of effective treatments for patients with an advanced or recurrent status. Therefore, there is a strong need for prognostic and predictive markers...

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Published in:BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-11
Main Authors: Kimura, Tadashi, Nakamura, Koji, Sawada, Kenjiro, Kinose, Yasuto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis - genetics
Biomarkers, Tumor - biosynthesis
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Development and progression
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Humans
Medical research
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs - biosynthesis
MicroRNAs - genetics
Mortality
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian Neoplasms - genetics
Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology
Review
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creator Kimura, Tadashi
Nakamura, Koji
Sawada, Kenjiro
Kinose, Yasuto
description Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of malignant gynecological tumors. Its lethality may be due to difficulties in detecting it at an early stage and lack of effective treatments for patients with an advanced or recurrent status. Therefore, there is a strong need for prognostic and predictive markers to diagnose it early and to help optimize and personalize treatment. MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs that regulate target genes posttranscriptionally. They are involved in carcinogenesis, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. The dysregulation of microRNAs is involved in the initiation and progression of human cancers including ovarian cancer, and strong evidence that microRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes has emerged. Several microRNA signatures that are unique to ovarian cancer have been proposed, and serum-circulating microRNAs have the potential to be useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Various microRNAs such as those in the miR-200 family, the miR-199/214 cluster, or the let-7 paralogs have potential as therapeutic targets for disseminated or chemoresistant ovarian tumors. Although many obstacles need to be overcome, microRNA therapy could be a powerful tool for ovarian cancer prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss the emerging roles of microRNAs in various aspects of ovarian cancer.
doi_str_mv 10.1155/2014/249393
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Various microRNAs such as those in the miR-200 family, the miR-199/214 cluster, or the let-7 paralogs have potential as therapeutic targets for disseminated or chemoresistant ovarian tumors. Although many obstacles need to be overcome, microRNA therapy could be a powerful tool for ovarian cancer prevention and treatment. 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source Wiley Online Library Open Access; ProQuest Publicly Available Content database
subjects Apoptosis - genetics
Biomarkers, Tumor - biosynthesis
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Development and progression
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Humans
Medical research
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs - biosynthesis
MicroRNAs - genetics
Mortality
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian Neoplasms - genetics
Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology
Review
title The Role of MicroRNAs in Ovarian Cancer
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