Longitudinal predictors of colorectal cancer screening among participants in a randomized controlled trial

• Published in: Preventive medicine 2014-09, Vol.66, p.123-130
• Main Authors: Murphy, Caitlin C, Vernon, Sally W, Haddock, Nicole M, Anderson, Melissa L, Chubak, Jessica, Green, Beverly B
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Behavioral intervention research; Biological and medical sciences; Cancer screening; Colorectal cancer; Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis; Colorectal Neoplasms - psychology; Early Detection of Cancer - psychology; Early Detection of Cancer - utilization; Female; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Humans; Internal Medicine; Logistic Models; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal study; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Miscellaneous; Prevention and actions; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Self Efficacy; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus; Tumors
• ISSN: 0091-7435; 1096-0260
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.06.013

Abstract Objective Few studies use longitudinal data to identify predictors of colorectal cancer screening (CRCS). We examined predictors of (1) initial CRCS during the first year of a randomized trial, and (2) repeat CRCS during the second year of the trial among those that completed FOBT in Year 1. Methods The sample comprised 1247 participants of the Systems of Support to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening (SOS) Trial (Group Health Cooperative, August 2008 to November 2011). Potential predictors of CRCS were identified with logistic regression and included sociodemographics, health history, and validated scales of psychosocial constructs. Results Prior CRCS (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.99–3.52) and intervention group (Automated: OR 2.06 95% CI 1.43–2.95; Assisted: OR 4.03, 95% CI 2.69–6.03; Navigated: OR 5.64, 95% CI 3.74–8.49) were predictors of CRCS completion at Year 1. For repeat CRCS at Year 2, prior CRCS at baseline (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.25–3.11), intervention group (Automated: OR 9.27, 95% CI 4.56–18.82; Assisted: OR 11.17, 95% CI 5.44–22.94; Navigated: OR 13.10, 95% CI 6.33–27.08), and self-efficacy (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.00–1.73) were significant predictors. Conclusion Self-efficacy and prior CRCS are important predictors of future screening behavior. CRCS completion increased when access barriers were removed through interventions.