A Novel Approach for Development and Characterization of Effective Mosquito Repellent Cream Formulation Containing Citronella Oil

Citronella essential oil (CEO) has been reported as an excellent mosquito repellent; however, mild irritancy and rapid volatility limit its topical application. It was aimed to develop a nonirritant, stable, and consistent cream of CEO with improved residence time on skin using an industrial approac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-11
Main Authors: Chanotiya, C. S., Pal, Anirban, Bawankule, Dnyaneshwar Umrao, Sinha, Priyam, Mishra, Nidhi, Rai, Vineet Kumar, Yadav, Narayan Prasad, Tripathi, Arun Kumar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical research
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Citronella-oil
Culicidae
Culicidae - drug effects
Heuristic
Humans
Insect Repellents - chemistry
Insect Repellents - therapeutic use
Laboratories
Moisture content
Mosquitoes
Plant Oils - chemistry
Plant Oils - therapeutic use
Product development
Quality control
Skin
Skin Cream - chemistry
Skin Cream - therapeutic use
Social classes
Tropical diseases
Variance analysis
Vector-borne diseases
Volatility
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Summary:Citronella essential oil (CEO) has been reported as an excellent mosquito repellent; however, mild irritancy and rapid volatility limit its topical application. It was aimed to develop a nonirritant, stable, and consistent cream of CEO with improved residence time on skin using an industrial approach. Phase inversion temperature technique was employed to prepare the cream. It was optimized and characterized based on sensorial evaluation, emulsification, and consistency in terms of softness, greasiness, stickiness, and pH. The optimum batch (B5) was evaluated for viscosity (90249.67 ± 139.95 cP), texture profile with respect to firmness (38.67 ± 0.88 g), spreadability (70.33 ± 0.88 mJ), and extrudability (639.67 ± 8.09 ± 0.1 mJ) using texture analyzer along with two most popular marketed products selected as reference standard. Subsequently, B5 was found to be stable for more than 90 days and showed enhanced duration of mosquito repellency as compared to CEO. HS-GC ensured the intactness of CEO in B5. Investigated primary irritation index (PII 0.45) positioned B5 into the category of irritation barely perceptible. The pronounced texture profile and stability of B5 with extended residence time and less PII revealed its potential application in industry and offered a promising alternative to the marketed products of synthetic origin.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2014/786084