Dendritic cell immunotherapy: clinical outcomes

The use of tumour‐associated antigens for cancer immunotherapy studies is exacerbated by tolerance to these self‐antigens. Tolerance may be broken by using ex vivo monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with self‐antigens. Targeting tumour‐associated antigens directly to DCs in vivo is an alt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical & translational immunology 2014-07, Vol.3 (7), p.e21-n/a
Main Authors: Apostolopoulos, Vasso, Pietersz, Geoffrey A, Tsibanis, Anastasios, Tsikkinis, Annivas, Stojanovska, Lily, McKenzie, Ian FC, Vassilaros, Stamatis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Antigens
Autoantigens
Bone marrow
Breast cancer
Cancer immunotherapy
Cell surface
Clinical outcomes
Clinical trials
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Dendritic cells
Granulocytes
Immunological tolerance
Immunotherapy
Lymphatic system
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Mannan
Mannose
Melanoma
Metastasis
Monocytes
Nanoparticles
Neutrophils
Peptides
Review
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumors
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Summary:The use of tumour‐associated antigens for cancer immunotherapy studies is exacerbated by tolerance to these self‐antigens. Tolerance may be broken by using ex vivo monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with self‐antigens. Targeting tumour‐associated antigens directly to DCs in vivo is an alternative and simpler strategy. The identification of cell surface receptors on DCs, and targeting antigens to DC receptors, has become a popular approach for inducing effective immune responses against cancer antigens. Many years ago, we demonstrated that targeting the mannose receptor on macrophages using the carbohydrate mannan to DCs led to appropriate immune responses and tumour protection in animal models. We conducted Phase I, I/II and II, clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness of oxidised mannan‐MUC1 in patients with adenocarcinomas. Here we summarise DC targeting approaches and their efficacy in human clinical trials.
ISSN:2050-0068
2050-0068
DOI:10.1038/cti.2014.14