Interrogating two schedules of the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 in patients with advanced solid tumors incorporating novel pharmacodynamic and functional imaging biomarkers

• Published in: Clinical cancer research 2014-11, Vol.20 (22), p.5672-5685
• Main Authors: Yap, Timothy A, Yan, Li, Patnaik, Amita, Tunariu, Nina, Biondo, Andrea, Fearen, Ivy, Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P, Olmos, David, Baird, Richard, Delgado, Liliana, Tetteh, Ernestina, Beckman, Robert A, Lupinacci, Lisa, Riisnaes, Ruth, Decordova, Shaun, Heaton, Simon P, Swales, Karen, deSouza, Nandita M, Leach, Martin O, Garrett, Michelle D, Sullivan, Daniel M, de Bono, Johann S, Tolcher, Anthony W
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage; Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacokinetics; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; Biomarkers - metabolism; Diagnostic Imaging; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Monitoring; Female; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring - administration & dosage; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring - adverse effects; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring - pharmacokinetics; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring - therapeutic use; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Maximum Tolerated Dose; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms - diagnosis; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Neoplasms - pathology; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - adverse effects; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - pharmacokinetics; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - antagonists & inhibitors; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1078-0432; 1557-3265
• DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-0868

Multiple cancers harbor genetic aberrations that impact AKT signaling. MK-2206 is a potent pan-AKT inhibitor with a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) previously established at 60 mg on alternate days (QOD). Due to a long half-life (60-80 hours), a weekly (QW) MK-2206 schedule was pursued to compare intermittent QW and continuous QOD dosing. Patients with advanced cancers were enrolled in a QW dose-escalation phase I study to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profiles of tumor and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The QOD MTD of MK-2206 was also assessed in patients with ovarian and castration-resistant prostate cancers and patients with advanced cancers undergoing multiparametric functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, including dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and intrinsic susceptibility-weighted MRI. A total of 71 patients were enrolled; 38 patients had 60 mg MK-2206 QOD, whereas 33 received MK-2206 at 90, 135, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg QW. The QW MK-2206 MTD was established at 200 mg following dose-limiting rash at 250 and 300 mg. QW dosing appeared to be similarly tolerated to QOD, with toxicities including rash, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, and hyperglycemia. Significant AKT pathway blockade was observed with both continuous QOD and intermittent QW dosing of MK-2206 in serially obtained tumor and PRP specimens. The functional imaging studies demonstrated that complex multiparametric MRI protocols may be effectively implemented in a phase I trial. Treatment with MK-2206 safely results in significant AKT pathway blockade in QOD and QW schedules. The intermittent dose of 200 mg QW is currently used in phase II MK-2206 monotherapy and combination studies (NCT00670488).