In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of BMP-2-Loaded PCL–Gelatin–BCP Electrospun Scaffolds

• Published in: Tissue engineering. Part A 2014-12, Vol.20 (23-24), p.3279-3289
• Main Authors: Kim, Bo-Ram, Nguyen, Thuy Ba Linh, Min, Young-Ki, Lee, Byong-Taek
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - chemistry; Bone Regeneration - physiology; Bones; Cell Adhesion - physiology; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation - physiology; Cell Survival - physiology; Gelatin - chemistry; Humans; Male; Mice; Morphogenesis; Original; Original Articles; Osteogenesis - physiology; Polyesters - chemistry; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tissue engineering; Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry
• ISSN: 1937-3341; 1937-335X
• DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0081

To confirm the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) for bone regeneration, BMP-2-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL)–gelatin (Gel)–biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) fibrous scaffolds were fabricated using the electrospinning method. The electrospinning process to incorporate BCP nanoparticles into the PCL–Gel scaffolds yielded an extracellular matrix-like microstructure that was a hybrid system composed of nano- and micro-sized fibers. BMP-2 was homogeneously loaded on the PCL–Gel–BCP scaffolds for enhanced induction of bone growth. BMP-2 was initially released at high levels, and then showed sustained release behavior for 31 days. Compared with the PCL–Gel–BCP scaffold, the BMP-2-loaded PCL–Gel–BCP scaffold showed improved cell proliferation and cell adhesion behavior. Both scaffold types were implanted in rat skull defects for 4 and 8 weeks to evaluate the biological response under physiological conditions. Remarkable bone regeneration was observed in the BMP-2/PCL–Gel–BCP group. These results suggest that BMP-2-loaded PCL–Gel–BCP scaffolds should be considered for potential bone tissue engineering applications.