Neurogenesis and Inflammation after Ischemic Stroke: What is Known and Where We Go from Here

This review covers the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and future directions regarding therapeutic options after injury. Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease process affecting millions of people worldwide every year. The mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of stroke are not fully understoo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 2014-10, Vol.34 (10), p.1573-1584
Main Authors: Tobin, Matthew K, Bonds, Jacqueline A, Minshall, Richard D, Pelligrino, Dale A, Testai, Fernando D, Lazarov, Orly
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use
Brain - drug effects
Brain - immunology
Brain - physiopathology
Brain Ischemia - complications
Brain Ischemia - immunology
Brain Ischemia - physiopathology
Brain Ischemia - therapy
Humans
Inflammation - complications
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - physiopathology
Inflammation - therapy
Neural Stem Cells - transplantation
Neurogenesis - drug effects
Review
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Summary:This review covers the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and future directions regarding therapeutic options after injury. Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease process affecting millions of people worldwide every year. The mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of stroke are not fully understood but there is increasing evidence demonstrating the contribution of inflammation to the drastic changes after cerebral ischemia. This inflammation not only immediately affects the infarcted tissue but also causes long-term damage in the ischemic penumbra. Furthermore, the interaction between inflammation and subsequent neurogenesis is not well understood but the close relationship between these two processes has garnered significant interest in the last decade or so. Current approved therapy for stroke involving pharmacological thrombolysis is limited in its efficacy and new treatment strategies need to be investigated. Research aimed at new therapies is largely about transplantation of neural stem cells and using endogenous progenitor cells to promote brain repair. By understanding the interaction between inflammation and neurogenesis, new potential therapies could be developed to further establish brain repair mechanisms.
ISSN:0271-678X
1559-7016
DOI:10.1038/jcbfm.2014.130