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Why are anxiety and depressive symptoms comorbid in youth? A multi-wave, longitudinal examination of competing etiological models
Abstract Background The present study sought to clarify the development of comorbid emotional distress by comparing different explanations for how youth develop anxiety and depressive symptoms. Specifically, we introduced the diathesis-anxiety approach (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interact wit...
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| Published in: | Journal of affective disorders 2014-06, Vol.161, p.21-29 |
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| container_title | Journal of affective disorders |
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| creator | Cohen, Joseph R Young, Jami F Gibb, Brandon E Hankin, Benjamin L Abela, John R.Z |
| description | Abstract Background The present study sought to clarify the development of comorbid emotional distress by comparing different explanations for how youth develop anxiety and depressive symptoms. Specifically, we introduced the diathesis-anxiety approach (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interact with anxiety symptoms), and compared it to a causal model (anxiety symptoms predicting depressive symptoms), and a correlated liabilities model (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interacted with stressors to predict both anxiety and depressive symptoms) to examine which model best explained the relation between depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth. Methods 678 3rd ( n =208), 6th ( n =245), and 9th ( n =225) grade girls ( n =380) and boys ( n =298) completed self-report measures at baseline assessing cognitive vulnerabilities (rumination and self-criticism), stressors, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Every 3 months over the next 18 months, youth completed follow-up measures of symptoms and stressors. Results While limited support was found for a causal ( p >0.10) or correlated-liability model ( p >0.05) for comorbidity, findings did support a diathesis-anxiety approach for both self-criticism ( t (2494)=3.36, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.042 |
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| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4337844</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0165032714000913</els_id><sourcerecordid>1534840188</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c668t-a694bf0c9db7f90e7ee2f4227827f924807a7eb2a86ed2f7f5bb1307c0dd163f3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNks-L1DAUx4so7rj6B3iRXAQPdkzStGkRVpbFVWHBg4rHkCavMxnbZEzacefof76vzLj-OMhCaVPy-T7eSz5Z9pTRJaOserVZbrRdcsrEkvIlFfxetmClLHJeMnk_WyBT5rTg8iR7lNKGUlo1kj7MTriQJStosch-fl3viY5AtL92MOLaW2JhGyEltwOS9sN2DEMiJgwhts4S58k-TOP6DTknw9SPLv-hd_CS9MGv3DhZ53VP4FoPuBhd8CR0c3gLo_Mrgu_Qh5UzCA3BQp8eZw863Sd4cvyeZl8u336-eJ9ffXz34eL8KjdVVY-5rhrRdtQ0tpVdQ0EC8E5wLmuO_1zUVGoJLdd1BZZ3sivbFkeUhlrLqqIrTrOzQ93t1A5gDfgx6l5toxt03Kugnfp7x7u1WoWdEkUhayGwwItjgRi-T5BGNbhkoO-1hzAlxcqybhpaSnkHtBC1oKyu74CyusJHNoiyA2piSClCd9s8o2oWQm0UCqFmIRTlCoXAzLM_p75N_DIAgedHQCe8lC5qb1z6zdV4xtgpcq8PHF4Z7BxElYwDb8C6CGZUNrj_tnH2T9r0zs8WfIM9pE2YImqD06qEAfVpNncWlwmUtmFFcQPuRurC</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1518618679</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Why are anxiety and depressive symptoms comorbid in youth? A multi-wave, longitudinal examination of competing etiological models</title><source>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</source><source>ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024</source><creator>Cohen, Joseph R ; Young, Jami F ; Gibb, Brandon E ; Hankin, Benjamin L ; Abela, John R.Z</creator><creatorcontrib>Cohen, Joseph R ; Young, Jami F ; Gibb, Brandon E ; Hankin, Benjamin L ; Abela, John R.Z</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract Background The present study sought to clarify the development of comorbid emotional distress by comparing different explanations for how youth develop anxiety and depressive symptoms. Specifically, we introduced the diathesis-anxiety approach (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interact with anxiety symptoms), and compared it to a causal model (anxiety symptoms predicting depressive symptoms), and a correlated liabilities model (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interacted with stressors to predict both anxiety and depressive symptoms) to examine which model best explained the relation between depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth. Methods 678 3rd ( n =208), 6th ( n =245), and 9th ( n =225) grade girls ( n =380) and boys ( n =298) completed self-report measures at baseline assessing cognitive vulnerabilities (rumination and self-criticism), stressors, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Every 3 months over the next 18 months, youth completed follow-up measures of symptoms and stressors. Results While limited support was found for a causal ( p >0.10) or correlated-liability model ( p >0.05) for comorbidity, findings did support a diathesis-anxiety approach for both self-criticism ( t (2494)=3.36, p <0.001) and rumination ( t (2505)=2.40, p <0.05). Limitations The present study׳s findings are based on self-report measure and makes inferences concerning comorbidity with a community sample. Conclusions These results may help clarify past research concerning comorbidity by introducing a diathesis-anxiety approach as a viable model to understand which youth are most at-risk for developing comorbid emotional distress.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0165-0327</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2517</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.042</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24751303</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JADID7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Anxiety ; Anxiety - complications ; Anxiety-Depression ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Comorbidity ; Depression ; Depression - complications ; Developmental psychopathology ; Emotions ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Miscellaneous ; Models, Psychological ; Mood disorders ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Symptoms ; Vulnerability ; Young people ; Youth</subject><ispartof>Journal of affective disorders, 2014-06, Vol.161, p.21-29</ispartof><rights>Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2014 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c668t-a694bf0c9db7f90e7ee2f4227827f924807a7eb2a86ed2f7f5bb1307c0dd163f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c668t-a694bf0c9db7f90e7ee2f4227827f924807a7eb2a86ed2f7f5bb1307c0dd163f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,31000</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28422401$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24751303$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cohen, Joseph R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, Jami F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibb, Brandon E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hankin, Benjamin L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abela, John R.Z</creatorcontrib><title>Why are anxiety and depressive symptoms comorbid in youth? A multi-wave, longitudinal examination of competing etiological models</title><title>Journal of affective disorders</title><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><description>Abstract Background The present study sought to clarify the development of comorbid emotional distress by comparing different explanations for how youth develop anxiety and depressive symptoms. Specifically, we introduced the diathesis-anxiety approach (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interact with anxiety symptoms), and compared it to a causal model (anxiety symptoms predicting depressive symptoms), and a correlated liabilities model (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interacted with stressors to predict both anxiety and depressive symptoms) to examine which model best explained the relation between depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth. Methods 678 3rd ( n =208), 6th ( n =245), and 9th ( n =225) grade girls ( n =380) and boys ( n =298) completed self-report measures at baseline assessing cognitive vulnerabilities (rumination and self-criticism), stressors, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Every 3 months over the next 18 months, youth completed follow-up measures of symptoms and stressors. Results While limited support was found for a causal ( p >0.10) or correlated-liability model ( p >0.05) for comorbidity, findings did support a diathesis-anxiety approach for both self-criticism ( t (2494)=3.36, p <0.001) and rumination ( t (2505)=2.40, p <0.05). Limitations The present study׳s findings are based on self-report measure and makes inferences concerning comorbidity with a community sample. Conclusions These results may help clarify past research concerning comorbidity by introducing a diathesis-anxiety approach as a viable model to understand which youth are most at-risk for developing comorbid emotional distress.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Anxiety - complications</subject><subject>Anxiety-Depression</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression - complications</subject><subject>Developmental psychopathology</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Models, Psychological</subject><subject>Mood disorders</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Symptoms</subject><subject>Vulnerability</subject><subject>Young people</subject><subject>Youth</subject><issn>0165-0327</issn><issn>1573-2517</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNks-L1DAUx4so7rj6B3iRXAQPdkzStGkRVpbFVWHBg4rHkCavMxnbZEzacefof76vzLj-OMhCaVPy-T7eSz5Z9pTRJaOserVZbrRdcsrEkvIlFfxetmClLHJeMnk_WyBT5rTg8iR7lNKGUlo1kj7MTriQJStosch-fl3viY5AtL92MOLaW2JhGyEltwOS9sN2DEMiJgwhts4S58k-TOP6DTknw9SPLv-hd_CS9MGv3DhZ53VP4FoPuBhd8CR0c3gLo_Mrgu_Qh5UzCA3BQp8eZw863Sd4cvyeZl8u336-eJ9ffXz34eL8KjdVVY-5rhrRdtQ0tpVdQ0EC8E5wLmuO_1zUVGoJLdd1BZZ3sivbFkeUhlrLqqIrTrOzQ93t1A5gDfgx6l5toxt03Kugnfp7x7u1WoWdEkUhayGwwItjgRi-T5BGNbhkoO-1hzAlxcqybhpaSnkHtBC1oKyu74CyusJHNoiyA2piSClCd9s8o2oWQm0UCqFmIRTlCoXAzLM_p75N_DIAgedHQCe8lC5qb1z6zdV4xtgpcq8PHF4Z7BxElYwDb8C6CGZUNrj_tnH2T9r0zs8WfIM9pE2YImqD06qEAfVpNncWlwmUtmFFcQPuRurC</recordid><startdate>20140601</startdate><enddate>20140601</enddate><creator>Cohen, Joseph R</creator><creator>Young, Jami F</creator><creator>Gibb, Brandon E</creator><creator>Hankin, Benjamin L</creator><creator>Abela, John R.Z</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140601</creationdate><title>Why are anxiety and depressive symptoms comorbid in youth? A multi-wave, longitudinal examination of competing etiological models</title><author>Cohen, Joseph R ; Young, Jami F ; Gibb, Brandon E ; Hankin, Benjamin L ; Abela, John R.Z</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c668t-a694bf0c9db7f90e7ee2f4227827f924807a7eb2a86ed2f7f5bb1307c0dd163f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Anxiety - complications</topic><topic>Anxiety-Depression</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression - complications</topic><topic>Developmental psychopathology</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Models, Psychological</topic><topic>Mood disorders</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Symptoms</topic><topic>Vulnerability</topic><topic>Young people</topic><topic>Youth</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cohen, Joseph R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, Jami F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibb, Brandon E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hankin, Benjamin L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abela, John R.Z</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cohen, Joseph R</au><au>Young, Jami F</au><au>Gibb, Brandon E</au><au>Hankin, Benjamin L</au><au>Abela, John R.Z</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Why are anxiety and depressive symptoms comorbid in youth? A multi-wave, longitudinal examination of competing etiological models</atitle><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><date>2014-06-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>161</volume><spage>21</spage><epage>29</epage><pages>21-29</pages><issn>0165-0327</issn><eissn>1573-2517</eissn><coden>JADID7</coden><abstract>Abstract Background The present study sought to clarify the development of comorbid emotional distress by comparing different explanations for how youth develop anxiety and depressive symptoms. Specifically, we introduced the diathesis-anxiety approach (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interact with anxiety symptoms), and compared it to a causal model (anxiety symptoms predicting depressive symptoms), and a correlated liabilities model (whether cognitive vulnerabilities interacted with stressors to predict both anxiety and depressive symptoms) to examine which model best explained the relation between depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth. Methods 678 3rd ( n =208), 6th ( n =245), and 9th ( n =225) grade girls ( n =380) and boys ( n =298) completed self-report measures at baseline assessing cognitive vulnerabilities (rumination and self-criticism), stressors, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Every 3 months over the next 18 months, youth completed follow-up measures of symptoms and stressors. Results While limited support was found for a causal ( p >0.10) or correlated-liability model ( p >0.05) for comorbidity, findings did support a diathesis-anxiety approach for both self-criticism ( t (2494)=3.36, p <0.001) and rumination ( t (2505)=2.40, p <0.05). Limitations The present study׳s findings are based on self-report measure and makes inferences concerning comorbidity with a community sample. Conclusions These results may help clarify past research concerning comorbidity by introducing a diathesis-anxiety approach as a viable model to understand which youth are most at-risk for developing comorbid emotional distress.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>24751303</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.042</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024 |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult and adolescent clinical studies Anxiety Anxiety - complications Anxiety-Depression Biological and medical sciences Child Comorbidity Depression Depression - complications Developmental psychopathology Emotions Female Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Medical sciences Miscellaneous Models, Psychological Mood disorders Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Surveys and Questionnaires Symptoms Vulnerability Young people Youth |
| title | Why are anxiety and depressive symptoms comorbid in youth? A multi-wave, longitudinal examination of competing etiological models |
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