Mechanisms of brain renin angiotensin system-induced drinking and blood pressure: importance of the subfornical organ

It is critical for cells to maintain a homeostatic balance of water and electrolytes because disturbances can disrupt cellular function, which can lead to profound effects on the physiology of an organism. Dehydration can be classified as either intra- or extracellular, and different mechanisms have...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology integrative and comparative physiology, 2015-02, Vol.308 (4), p.R238-R249
Main Authors: Coble, Jeffrey P, Grobe, Justin L, Johnson, Alan Kim, Sigmund, Curt D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACE inhibitors
Angiotensin II - metabolism
Animals
Blood Pressure
Dehydration - metabolism
Dehydration - physiopathology
Drinking
Electrolytes
Homeostasis
Humans
Kinases
Oxygen
Receptors, Angiotensin - metabolism
Renin-Angiotensin System
Reviews
Signal Transduction
Subfornical Organ - metabolism
Subfornical Organ - physiopathology
Water-Electrolyte Balance
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Summary:It is critical for cells to maintain a homeostatic balance of water and electrolytes because disturbances can disrupt cellular function, which can lead to profound effects on the physiology of an organism. Dehydration can be classified as either intra- or extracellular, and different mechanisms have developed to restore homeostasis in response to each. Whereas the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is important for restoring homeostasis after dehydration, the pathways mediating the responses to intra- and extracellular dehydration may differ. Thirst responses mediated through the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and angiotensin type 2 receptors (AT2R) respond to extracellular dehydration and intracellular dehydration, respectively. Intracellular signaling factors, such as protein kinase C (PKC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, mediate the effects of central angiotensin II (ANG II). Experimental evidence also demonstrates the importance of the subfornical organ (SFO) in mediating some of the fluid intake effects of central ANG II. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of the SFO in mediating fluid intake responses to dehydration and ANG II.
ISSN:0363-6119
1522-1490
DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00486.2014