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Does Learning to Read Improve Intelligence? A Longitudinal Multivariate Analysis in Identical Twins From Age 7 to 16

Evidence from twin studies points to substantial environmental influences on intelligence, but the specifics of this influence are unclear. This study examined one developmental process that potentially causes intelligence differences: learning to read. In 1,890 twin pairs tested at 7, 9, 10, 12, an...

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Published in:	Child development 2015-01, Vol.86 (1), p.23-36
Main Authors:	Ritchie, Stuart J., Bates, Timothy C., Plomin, Robert
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Adolescent Adolescents Child Child Development Child Development - physiology Children Cognition Cognitive Development Correlation Developmental Stages Empirical EMPIRICAL ARTICLES Environmental Influences Female Humans Intellectual Development Intelligence Intelligence - physiology Learning Learning - physiology Longitudinal Studies Male Multivariate Analysis Reading Reading Ability Twins Twins, Monozygotic
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creator	Ritchie, Stuart J. Bates, Timothy C. Plomin, Robert
description	Evidence from twin studies points to substantial environmental influences on intelligence, but the specifics of this influence are unclear. This study examined one developmental process that potentially causes intelligence differences: learning to read. In 1,890 twin pairs tested at 7, 9, 10, 12, and 16 years, a cross-lagged monozygotic-differences design was used to test for associations of earlier within-pair reading ability differences with subsequent intelligence differences. The results showed several such associations, which were not explained by differences in reading exposure and were not restricted to verbal cognitive domains. The study highlights the potentially important influence of reading ability, driven by the nonshared environment, on intellectual development and raises theoretical questions about the mechanism of this influence.
doi_str_mv	10.1111/cdev.12272
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subjects	Adolescent Adolescents Child Child Development Child Development - physiology Children Cognition Cognitive Development Correlation Developmental Stages Empirical EMPIRICAL ARTICLES Environmental Influences Female Humans Intellectual Development Intelligence Intelligence - physiology Learning Learning - physiology Longitudinal Studies Male Multivariate Analysis Reading Reading Ability Twins Twins, Monozygotic
title	Does Learning to Read Improve Intelligence? A Longitudinal Multivariate Analysis in Identical Twins From Age 7 to 16
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