A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve the health of persons during imprisonment and in the year after release

We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve the health of people during imprisonment or in the year after release. We searched 14 biomedical and social science databases in 2014, and identified 95 studies. Most studies involved only men or a majority of men (7...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of public health (1971) 2015-04, Vol.105 (4), p.e13-e33
Main Authors: Kouyoumdjian, Fiona G, McIsaac, Kathryn E, Liauw, Jessica, Green, Samantha, Karachiwalla, Fareen, Siu, Winnie, Burkholder, Kaite, Binswanger, Ingrid, Kiefer, Lori, Kinner, Stuart A, Korchinski, Mo, Matheson, Flora I, Young, Pam, Hwang, Stephen W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chronic illnesses
Clinical trials
Communicable Diseases - diagnosis
Communicable Diseases - therapy
Epidemiology
Health Promotion - organization & administration
Health Services - statistics & numerical data
Health Status
Humans
Imprisonment
Infectious diseases
Intervention
Mental disorders
Mental Disorders - diagnosis
Mental Disorders - therapy
Mental Health
Mortality
Online Systematic Review
Prisoners
Public Health
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Studies
Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis
Substance-Related Disorders - therapy
Systematic review
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Summary:We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve the health of people during imprisonment or in the year after release. We searched 14 biomedical and social science databases in 2014, and identified 95 studies. Most studies involved only men or a majority of men (70/83 studies in which gender was specified); only 16 studies focused on adolescents. Most studies were conducted in the United States (n = 57). The risk of bias for outcomes in almost all studies was unclear or high (n = 91). In 59 studies, interventions led to improved mental health, substance use, infectious diseases, or health service utilization outcomes; in 42 of these studies, outcomes were measured in the community after release. Improving the health of people who experience imprisonment requires knowledge generation and knowledge translation, including implementation of effective interventions.
ISSN:0090-0036
1541-0048
DOI:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302498