Two‐Dimensional Informative Array Testing

Array‐based group‐testing algorithms for case identification are widely used in infectious disease testing, drug discovery, and genetics. In this article, we generalize previous statistical work in array testing to account for heterogeneity among individuals being tested. We first derive closed‐form...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biometrics 2012-09, Vol.68 (3), p.793-804
Main Authors: McMahan, Christopher S., Tebbs, Joshua M., Bilder, Christopher R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Arrays
BIOMETRIC METHODOLOGY
Biometrics
Biometry
Chlamydia
Chlamydia Infections - diagnosis
Design efficiency
Diagnostic Errors - statistics & numerical data
Disease screening
drugs
Efficiency
Female
genetics
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea - diagnosis
Group testing
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Infertility - prevention & control
Infertility Prevention Project
Male
Mass Screening - statistics & numerical data
Matrix pooling
Medical genetics
Medical screening
Models, Statistical
Nebraska
Pooled testing
Probability
Screening tests
Specimens
Testing
Urine
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Summary:Array‐based group‐testing algorithms for case identification are widely used in infectious disease testing, drug discovery, and genetics. In this article, we generalize previous statistical work in array testing to account for heterogeneity among individuals being tested. We first derive closed‐form expressions for the expected number of tests (efficiency) and misclassification probabilities (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values) for two‐dimensional array testing in a heterogeneous population. We then propose two “informative” array construction techniques which exploit population heterogeneity in ways that can substantially improve testing efficiency when compared to classical approaches that regard the population as homogeneous. Furthermore, a useful byproduct of our methodology is that misclassification probabilities can be estimated on a per‐individual basis. We illustrate our new procedures using chlamydia and gonorrhea testing data collected in Nebraska as part of the Infertility Prevention Project.
ISSN:0006-341X
1541-0420
DOI:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01726.x