βIII-tubulin: a novel mediator of chemoresistance and metastases in pancreatic cancer

• Published in: Oncotarget 2015-02, Vol.6 (4), p.2235-2249
• Main Authors: McCarroll, Joshua A, Sharbeen, George, Liu, Jie, Youkhana, Janet, Goldstein, David, McCarthy, Nigel, Limbri, Lydia F, Dischl, Dominic, Ceyhan, Güralp O, Erkan, Mert, Johns, Amber L, Biankin, Andrew V, Kavallaris, Maria, Phillips, Phoebe A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anoikis - genetics; Apoptosis - genetics; Blotting, Western; Cell Cycle - genetics; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - genetics; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm - genetics; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pancreatic Neoplasms - genetics; Pancreatic Neoplasms - metabolism; Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology; Research Paper; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA Interference; RNAi Therapeutics; Tubulin - genetics; Tubulin - metabolism; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
• ISSN: 1949-2553; 1949-2553
• DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2946

Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western societies. This poor prognosis is due to chemotherapeutic drug resistance and metastatic spread. Evidence suggests that microtubule proteins namely, β-tubulins are dysregulated in tumor cells and are involved in regulating chemosensitivity. However, the role of β-tubulins in pancreatic cancer are unknown. We measured the expression of different β-tubulin isotypes in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue and pancreatic cancer cells. Next, we used RNAi to silence βIII-tubulin expression in pancreatic cancer cells, and measured cell growth in the absence and presence of chemotherapeutic drugs. Finally, we assessed the role of βIII-tubulin in regulating tumor growth and metastases using an orthotopic pancreatic cancer mouse model. We found that βIII-tubulin is highly expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue and pancreatic cancer cells. Further, we demonstrated that silencing βIII-tubulin expression reduced pancreatic cancer cell growth and tumorigenic potential in the absence and presence of chemotherapeutic drugs. Finally, we demonstrated that suppression of βIII-tubulin reduced tumor growth and metastases in vivo. Our novel data demonstrate that βIII-tubulin is a key player in promoting pancreatic cancer growth and survival, and silencing its expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy to increase the long-term survival of pancreatic cancer patients.