Menstrual and Reproductive Factors in Association With Lung Cancer in Female Lifetime Nonsmokers

Cigarette smoking is irrefutably the strongest risk factor for lung cancer; however, approximately 25% of cases worldwide occur among nonsmokers. The age-adjusted annual incidence rate of lung cancer in Shanghai, a region where relatively few women smoke cigarettes, is one of the highest in the worl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of epidemiology 2008-12, Vol.168 (11), p.1319-1325
Main Authors: Weiss, Jocelyn M., Lacey, James V., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Ji, Bu-Tian, Hou, Lifang, Yang, Gong, Li, Honglan, Rothman, Nathaniel, Blair, Aaron, Gao, Yu-Tang, Chow, Wong-Ho, Zheng, Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Analysis. Health state
Biological and medical sciences
China - epidemiology
Confidence Intervals
Epidemiology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Hormones
Humans
Incidence
Intrauterine Devices
lung
Lung cancer
Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology
Medical sciences
Menopause
menstrual cycle
Menstruation
Middle Aged
neoplasms
Odds Ratio
Original Contributions
Parity
Pneumology
Pregnancy
Proportional Hazards Models
Prospective Studies
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Reproductive health
Reproductive History
Risk Factors
Smoking - adverse effects
Tumors of the respiratory system and mediastinum
Vertebrates: endocrinology
Women's Health
Womens health
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Summary:Cigarette smoking is irrefutably the strongest risk factor for lung cancer; however, approximately 25% of cases worldwide occur among nonsmokers. The age-adjusted annual incidence rate of lung cancer in Shanghai, a region where relatively few women smoke cigarettes, is one of the highest in the world. To help further elucidate the etiology of lung cancer among nonsmokers, the authors examined hormonal factors among women who were lifetime nonsmokers. They analyzed data from the prospective Shanghai Women's Health Study, which recruited Chinese women aged 40–70 years between 1996 and 2000 from selected urban communities. The current analysis included 71,314 women (n = 220 cases) who were lifetime nonsmokers and had no history of cancer at baseline. Later age at menopause (≥51 vs.
ISSN:0002-9262
1476-6256
DOI:10.1093/aje/kwn257