Killing the hypnozoite - drug discovery approaches to prevent relapse in Plasmodium vivax

The eradication of malaria will only be possible if effective, well-tolerated medicines kill hypnozoites in vivax and ovale malaria, and thus prevent relapses in patients. Despite progress in the 8-aminoquinoline series, with tafenoquine in Phase III showing clear benefits over primaquine, the drug...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens and global health 2015-05, Vol.109 (3), p.107-122
Main Authors: Campo, Brice, Vandal, Omar, Wesche, David L., Burrows, Jeremy N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aminoquinolines - pharmacology
Antimalarials - pharmacology
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control
Disease Eradication - trends
Drug Discovery - trends
Drug discovery assays
Humans
Hypnozoite
Liver - drug effects
Liver - parasitology
Liver - pathology
Malaria, Vivax - drug therapy
Malaria, Vivax - prevention & control
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium vivax - drug effects
Plasmodium vivax - isolation & purification
Radical cure
Recurrence
Special Issue
Sporozoites - drug effects
Strategy
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Summary:The eradication of malaria will only be possible if effective, well-tolerated medicines kill hypnozoites in vivax and ovale malaria, and thus prevent relapses in patients. Despite progress in the 8-aminoquinoline series, with tafenoquine in Phase III showing clear benefits over primaquine, the drug discovery challenge to identify hypnozoiticidal or hypnozoite-activating compounds has been hampered by the dearth of biological tools and assays, which in turn has been limited by the immense scientific and logistical challenges associated with accessing relevant human tissue and sporozoites. This review summarises the existing drug discovery series and approaches concerning the goal to block relapse.
ISSN:2047-7724
2047-7732
DOI:10.1179/2047773215Y.0000000013