What do we know about the cardiac benefits of exercise?

Abstract Exercise has long been considered an essential element for sustaining cardiovascular health. A vast literature of clinical studies suggests that exercise serves as an effective intervention for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, although the optimal nature, inte...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in cardiovascular medicine 2015-08, Vol.25 (6), p.529-536
Main Authors: Wei, Xin, Liu, Xiaojun, PhD, Rosenzweig, Anthony, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
Disease prevention
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Female
Health risk assessment
Heart attacks
Humans
Male
Molecular Biology
Mortality
Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism
Physical fitness
Physical Fitness - physiology
Prognosis
Signal Transduction
Ventricular Remodeling - physiology
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Summary:Abstract Exercise has long been considered an essential element for sustaining cardiovascular health. A vast literature of clinical studies suggests that exercise serves as an effective intervention for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, although the optimal nature, intensity, and duration of exercise for maximizing these cardiovascular benefits remain unclear. On a molecular level, exercise induces physiologic growth of the heart primarily by driving cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, notably through the interconnected IGF-1–PI3K–AKT1 and C/EBPβ–CITED4 pathways. Here, we explore the range of clinical evidence supporting the cardiovascular benefits of exercise and outline the molecular pathways that play major roles in regulating these protective effects.
ISSN:1050-1738
1873-2615
DOI:10.1016/j.tcm.2014.12.014