Disrupted intricacy of histone H3K4 methylation in neurodevelopmental disorders

Methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me) is an intricately regulated posttranslational modification, which is broadly associated with enhancers and promoters of actively transcribed genomic loci. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have identified a number of H3K4me regulators mutated i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Epigenomics 2015-06, Vol.7 (3), p.503-519
Main Authors: Vallianatos, Christina N, Iwase, Shigeki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Autism
autism spectrum disorders
brain development
Care and treatment
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - genetics
Chromatin
Developmental Disabilities - genetics
Diagnosis
Disorders
DNA methylation
Enhancers
Enzymes
Epigenetics
Gene expression
gene regulation
Genomes
H3K4 methylation
Health aspects
Histone Demethylases - genetics
Histone H3
histone methylation
Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase - genetics
Histones
Histones - metabolism
Humans
Intellectual disabilities
intellectual disability
Intellectual Disability - genetics
Leukemia
Lysine
Mental disorders
Methylation
Mutation
Nervous system
Nervous system diseases
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Next-generation sequencing
Proteins
Regulators
RNA polymerase
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - genetics
Sequences
Stem cells
Transcription (Genetics)
Writers
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Description
Summary:Methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me) is an intricately regulated posttranslational modification, which is broadly associated with enhancers and promoters of actively transcribed genomic loci. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have identified a number of H3K4me regulators mutated in neurodevelopmental disorders including intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. Here, we aim to summarize the molecular function of H3K4me-regulating enzymes in brain development and function. We describe four H3K4me methyltransferases ( ), four demethylases ( ), and two reader proteins ( ) mutated in neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding the role of these chromatin regulators in the development and maintenance of neural connections will advance therapeutic opportunities for prevention and treatment of these lifelong neurodevelopmental disorders.
ISSN:1750-1911
1750-192X
DOI:10.2217/epi.15.1