An Integrated Approach Using Spatial Analysis to Study the Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis in Area of Recent Transmission

Some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis in the municipality of Formiga, Brazil, an important touristic site, were evaluated. Those included phlebotomine sand fly vectors, canine infection, and geoprocessing analysis for determining critical transmission areas. Sand flies (224 insects) belongin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2015-01, Vol.2015 (2015), p.1-10
Main Authors: Garcia, Tânia Cristina, Freitas, Christian Resende, Soares, Rodrigo Pedro, Margonari, Carina, Lima, Fernanda Pinheiro, Machado-Coelho, George Luis Lins, Rocha, Ana Maria Sampaio, Morais, Mayron Henrique Gomes, Sousa, Alessandra Mara de, Andrade Filho, José Dilermando, Ferreira, Eduardo de Castro, Menezes, Júlia Alves, Madureira, Ana Paula
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brazil - epidemiology
Cities
Disease transmission
Distribution
Dogs
Geography
Humans
Leishmania - genetics
Leishmania - isolation & purification
Leishmania - physiology
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmania infantum
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - epidemiology
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - transmission
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - transmission
Lutzomyia
Lutzomyia longipalpis
Lutzomyia whitmani
Parasitic diseases
Phlebotomus - physiology
Polymerase chain reaction
Precipitation
Protozoa
Psychodidae - physiology
Risk Factors
Serology
Spatial Analysis
Species Specificity
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Summary:Some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis in the municipality of Formiga, Brazil, an important touristic site, were evaluated. Those included phlebotomine sand fly vectors, canine infection, and geoprocessing analysis for determining critical transmission areas. Sand flies (224 insects) belonging to ten different species were captured. The most captured species included Lutzomyia longipalpis (35.3%), Lutzomyia cortelezzii (33.5%), and Lutzomyia whitmani (18.3%). A significant correlation between sand fly densities and climatic conditions was detected. Serological diagnosis (DPP and ELISA) was performed in 570 dogs indicating a prevalence of 5.8%. After sequencing the main species circulating in the area were Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis. Spatial analysis demonstrated that vegetation and hydrography may be related to sand fly distribution and infected dogs. The municipality of Formiga has proven leishmaniasis vectors and infected dogs indicating the circulation of the parasite in the city. Correlation of those data with environmental and human cases has identified the critical areas for control interventions (south, northeast, and northwest). In conclusion, there is current transmission of visceral and canine human cases and the city is on the risk for the appearance of cutaneous cases.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2015/621854