Immune checkpoints: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and programmed cell death protein 1 in breast cancer surgery

Immune checkpoints refer to a plethora of inhibitory pathways built into the immune system, and recent studies have emphasized the role of these checkpoints in carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate two major immune checkpoints, the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and...

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Published in:Oncology letters 2015-08, Vol.10 (2), p.1079-1086
Main Authors: KOLACINSKA, AGNIESZKA, CEBULA-OBRZUT, BARBARA, PAKULA, LUKASZ, CHALUBINSKA-FENDLER, JUSTYNA, MORAWIEC-SZTANDERA, ALINA, PAWLOWSKA, ZOFIA, ZAWLIK, IZABELA, MORAWIEC, ZBIGNIEW, JESIONEK-KUPNICKA, DOROTA, SMOLEWSKI, PIOTR
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine
Antigens
Apoptosis
Biopsy
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cancer surgery
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Cell death
Chemotherapy
Cloning
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4
Cytotoxicity
Endocrine therapy
Epidermal growth factor
Family medical history
Genetic aspects
Immune system
Lymphatic system
Lymphocytes
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Oncology, Experimental
programmed cell death protein 1
Proteins
Rodents
Tumors
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Summary:Immune checkpoints refer to a plethora of inhibitory pathways built into the immune system, and recent studies have emphasized the role of these checkpoints in carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate two major immune checkpoints, the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), in the serum of 35 patients with stage I and II breast cancer. Serum concentrations of CTLA-4 and PD-1 were measured at three time points: i) Preoperatively; ii) during anesthesia following the harvesting of sentinel nodes (SNs); and iii) 24 h postoperatively. Control samples were obtained from 25 healthy, age-matched females. Assessment of CTLA-4 and PD-1 expression levels was conducted using flow cytometry. A statistically significant difference in PD-1 expression was identified between breast cancer patients preoperatively and healthy controls (26.31±11.87 vs. 12.72±8.15; P
ISSN:1792-1074
1792-1082
DOI:10.3892/ol.2015.3321