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Occupational exposures and lung cancer risk among Minnesota taconite mining workers

ObjectiveTo examine the association between employment duration, elongate mineral particle (EMP) exposure, silica exposure and the risk of lung cancer in the taconite mining industry.MethodsWe conducted a nested case–control study of lung cancer within a cohort of Minnesota taconite iron mining work...

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Published in:Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England) England), 2015-09, Vol.72 (9), p.633-639
Main Authors: Allen, Elizabeth M, Alexander, Bruce H, MacLehose, Richard F, Nelson, Heather H, Ryan, Andrew D, Ramachandran, Gurumurthy, Mandel, Jeffrey H
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container_title Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England)
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creator Allen, Elizabeth M
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Mandel, Jeffrey H
description ObjectiveTo examine the association between employment duration, elongate mineral particle (EMP) exposure, silica exposure and the risk of lung cancer in the taconite mining industry.MethodsWe conducted a nested case–control study of lung cancer within a cohort of Minnesota taconite iron mining workers employed by any of the mining companies in operation in 1983. Lung cancer cases were identified by vital records and cancer registry data through 2010. Two age-matched controls were selected from risk sets of cohort members alive and lung cancer free at the time of case diagnosis. Calendar time-specific exposure estimates were made for every job and were used to estimate workers’ cumulative exposures. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We evaluated total lung cancer risk and risk of histological subtype by total work duration and by cumulative EMP, and silica exposure by quartile of the exposure distribution.ResultsA total of 1706 cases and 3381 controls were included in the analysis. After adjusting for work in haematite mining, asbestos exposure and sex, the OR for total duration of employment was 0.99 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.01). The ORs for quartile 4 versus 1 of EMP and silica exposure were 0.82 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.19) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.35), respectively. The risk of each histological subtype of lung cancer did not change with increasing exposure.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the estimated taconite mining exposures do not increase the risk of developing lung cancer.
doi_str_mv 10.1136/oemed-2015-102825
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Lung cancer cases were identified by vital records and cancer registry data through 2010. Two age-matched controls were selected from risk sets of cohort members alive and lung cancer free at the time of case diagnosis. Calendar time-specific exposure estimates were made for every job and were used to estimate workers’ cumulative exposures. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We evaluated total lung cancer risk and risk of histological subtype by total work duration and by cumulative EMP, and silica exposure by quartile of the exposure distribution.ResultsA total of 1706 cases and 3381 controls were included in the analysis. After adjusting for work in haematite mining, asbestos exposure and sex, the OR for total duration of employment was 0.99 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.01). The ORs for quartile 4 versus 1 of EMP and silica exposure were 0.82 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.19) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.35), respectively. The risk of each histological subtype of lung cancer did not change with increasing exposure.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the estimated taconite mining exposures do not increase the risk of developing lung cancer.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1351-0711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1470-7926</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2015-102825</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25977445</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Air Pollutants, Occupational - adverse effects ; Asbestos ; Asbestos - adverse effects ; Cancer ; Case-Control Studies ; Employment ; Estimates ; Exposure ; Health risks ; Humans ; Iron - adverse effects ; Logistic Models ; Lung cancer ; Lung Neoplasms - etiology ; Lungs ; Mining ; Minnesota ; Occupational Diseases - etiology ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure - analysis ; Odds Ratio ; Risk ; Risk Factors ; Silica ; Silicates - adverse effects ; Silicon dioxide ; Silicon Dioxide - adverse effects ; Taconite ; Workplace</subject><ispartof>Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England), 2015-09, Vol.72 (9), p.633-639</ispartof><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. 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For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b622t-2a62c0d556359b407344982d7f0f2844e1045049425007baf406830748ae08fa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b622t-2a62c0d556359b407344982d7f0f2844e1045049425007baf406830748ae08fa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://oem.bmj.com/content/72/9/633.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://oem.bmj.com/content/72/9/633.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>114,115,230,314,780,784,885,3194,23569,27922,27923,58236,58469,77370,77401</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977445$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Allen, Elizabeth M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alexander, Bruce H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacLehose, Richard F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nelson, Heather H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, Andrew D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramachandran, Gurumurthy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandel, Jeffrey H</creatorcontrib><title>Occupational exposures and lung cancer risk among Minnesota taconite mining workers</title><title>Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England)</title><addtitle>Occup Environ Med</addtitle><description>ObjectiveTo examine the association between employment duration, elongate mineral particle (EMP) exposure, silica exposure and the risk of lung cancer in the taconite mining industry.MethodsWe conducted a nested case–control study of lung cancer within a cohort of Minnesota taconite iron mining workers employed by any of the mining companies in operation in 1983. Lung cancer cases were identified by vital records and cancer registry data through 2010. Two age-matched controls were selected from risk sets of cohort members alive and lung cancer free at the time of case diagnosis. Calendar time-specific exposure estimates were made for every job and were used to estimate workers’ cumulative exposures. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We evaluated total lung cancer risk and risk of histological subtype by total work duration and by cumulative EMP, and silica exposure by quartile of the exposure distribution.ResultsA total of 1706 cases and 3381 controls were included in the analysis. After adjusting for work in haematite mining, asbestos exposure and sex, the OR for total duration of employment was 0.99 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.01). The ORs for quartile 4 versus 1 of EMP and silica exposure were 0.82 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.19) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.35), respectively. 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Lung cancer cases were identified by vital records and cancer registry data through 2010. Two age-matched controls were selected from risk sets of cohort members alive and lung cancer free at the time of case diagnosis. Calendar time-specific exposure estimates were made for every job and were used to estimate workers’ cumulative exposures. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We evaluated total lung cancer risk and risk of histological subtype by total work duration and by cumulative EMP, and silica exposure by quartile of the exposure distribution.ResultsA total of 1706 cases and 3381 controls were included in the analysis. After adjusting for work in haematite mining, asbestos exposure and sex, the OR for total duration of employment was 0.99 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.01). The ORs for quartile 4 versus 1 of EMP and silica exposure were 0.82 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.19) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.35), respectively. The risk of each histological subtype of lung cancer did not change with increasing exposure.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the estimated taconite mining exposures do not increase the risk of developing lung cancer.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group</pub><pmid>25977445</pmid><doi>10.1136/oemed-2015-102825</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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ispartof Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England), 2015-09, Vol.72 (9), p.633-639
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source BMJ Journals - NESLi2; JSTOR Archival Journals
subjects Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Air Pollutants, Occupational - adverse effects
Asbestos
Asbestos - adverse effects
Cancer
Case-Control Studies
Employment
Estimates
Exposure
Health risks
Humans
Iron - adverse effects
Logistic Models
Lung cancer
Lung Neoplasms - etiology
Lungs
Mining
Minnesota
Occupational Diseases - etiology
Occupational Exposure - adverse effects
Occupational Exposure - analysis
Odds Ratio
Risk
Risk Factors
Silica
Silicates - adverse effects
Silicon dioxide
Silicon Dioxide - adverse effects
Taconite
Workplace
title Occupational exposures and lung cancer risk among Minnesota taconite mining workers
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