Effect of topical vaginal products on the detection of prostate-specific antigen, a biomarker of semen exposure, using ABAcards

• Published in: Contraception (Stoneham) 2013-09, Vol.88 (3), p.382-386
• Main Authors: Snead, Margaret C, Kourtis, Athena P, Black, Carolyn M, Mauck, Christine K, Brown, Teresa M, Penman-Aguilar, Ana, Melendez, Johan H, Gallo, Maria F, Jamieson, Denise J, Macaluso, Maurizio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ABAcard; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarker; Biomarkers - analysis; Cellulose - analogs & derivatives; Cellulose - pharmacology; False Negative Reactions; False Positive Reactions; Female; Genital system. Reproduction; Glycerol - pharmacology; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Humans; Lubricants; Lubricants - pharmacology; Male; Medical sciences; Obstetrics and Gynecology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Phosphates - pharmacology; Propylene Glycols - pharmacology; Prostate-Specific Antigen - analysis; Prostate-Specific Antigen - drug effects; PSA; Semen; Semen - chemistry; Spermatocidal Agents - pharmacology; Spermicide; Vagina - chemistry; Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies - pharmacology; Vaginal products
• ISSN: 0010-7824; 1879-0518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.10.034

Abstract Background Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker of recent semen exposure. There is currently only limited information on whether topical vaginal products affect PSA assays. We investigated this question using various dilutions of several vaginal products (lubricants and spermicides) and the Abacus ABAcard for PSA detection. Study Design Pooled semen controls and various dilutions of nonoxynol-9 (N9), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Replens, Gynol 2, K-Y jelly, Astroglide, Surgilube, combined with pooled semen dilutions, were tested for PSA using the Abacus ABAcard. Results N9 (2% with saline) and CMC did not appear to affect the results of testing with the ABAcard, but not all semen dilutions were tested. The other products (including Replens and Gynol, which is 2% N9 with propylene glycol, K-Y, Astroglide and Surgilube) at some of the dilutions tested either affected or gave invalid results with PSA testing using the ABAcard. Both Gynol 2 and K-Y at 1:10 dilution gave false-positive results. Conclusions Some vaginal products affect PSA results obtained by using the semiquantitative ABAcard. In vivo confirmation is necessary to further optimize PSA detection when topical vaginal products are present.