Insights into Chemoresistance of Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most prevalent malignancy among males in the western world. Though hormonal therapies through chemical or surgical castration have been proposed many years ago, heretofore, such mainstay for the treatment on advanced PCa has not fundamentally changed. These therapeu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biological sciences 2015-01, Vol.11 (10), p.1160-1170
Main Authors: Zhang, Wei, Meng, Yan, Liu, Na, Wen, Xiao-Fei, Yang, Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family G, Member 2
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters - metabolism
Bridged-Ring Compounds
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
Humans
Male
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Neoplasm Proteins - metabolism
Prostatic Neoplasms - drug therapy
Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism
Receptors, Androgen - metabolism
Review
Signal Transduction
Taxoids
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Summary:Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most prevalent malignancy among males in the western world. Though hormonal therapies through chemical or surgical castration have been proposed many years ago, heretofore, such mainstay for the treatment on advanced PCa has not fundamentally changed. These therapeutic responses are temporary and most cases will eventually undergo PCa recurrence and metastasis, or even progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) due to persistent development of drug resistance. Prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) are a small population of cells, which possess unlimited self-renewal capacities, and can regenerate tumorigenic progenies, and play an essential role in PCa therapy resistance, metastasis and recurrence. Nowadays advanced progresses have been made in understanding of PCSC properties, roles of androgen receptor signaling and ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2), as well as roles of genomic non-coding microRNAs and key signaling pathways, which have led to the development of novel therapies which are active against chemoresistant PCa and CRPC. Based on these progresses, this review is dedicated to address mechanisms underlying PCa chemoresistance, unveil crosstalks among pivotal signaling pathways, explore novel biotherapeutic agents, and elaborate functional properties and specific roles of chemoresistant PCSCs, which may act as a promising target for novel therapies against chemoresistant PCa.
ISSN:1449-2288
1449-2288
DOI:10.7150/ijbs.11439