Understanding the role of prostaglandin E2 in regulating human platelet activity in health and disease

• Published in: Thrombosis research 2015-09, Vol.136 (3), p.493-503
• Main Authors: Friedman, Eitan A, Ogletree, Martin L, Haddad, Elias V, Boutaud, Olivier
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antiplatelet agent; Blood Platelets - metabolism; Dinoprostone - metabolism; EP3 antagonist; Evidence-Based Medicine; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Humans; Mice; Models, Cardiovascular; Platelet Activation; platelet aggregation; platelet inhibitor; platelet reactivity regulation; prostaglandin E2; Species Specificity; Thrombosis - metabolism; Thrombosis - pathology
• ISSN: 0049-3848; 1879-2472
• DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.05.027

Abstract The platelet thrombus is the major pathologic entity in acute coronary syndromes, and antiplatelet agents are a mainstay of therapy. However, individual patient responsiveness to current antiplatelet drugs is variable, and all drugs carry a risk of bleeding. An understanding of the complex role of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) in regulating thrombosis offers opportunities for the development of novel individualized antiplatelet treatment. However, deciphering the platelet regulatory function of PGE2 has long been confounded by non-standardized experimental conditions, extrapolation of murine data to humans, and phenotypic differences in PGE2 response. This review synthesizes past and current knowledge about PGE2 effects on platelet biology, presents a rationale for standardization of experimental protocols, and provides insight into a molecular mechanism by which PGE2 -activated pathways could be targeted for new personalized antiplatelet therapy to inhibit pathologic thrombosis without affecting hemostasis.