Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation in nanomedicine: small light strides against bad bugs

The relentless advance of drug-resistance among pathogenic microbes, mandates a search for alternative approaches that will not cause resistance. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) involves the combination of nontoxic dyes with harmless visible light to produce reactive oxygen species that can selectiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomedicine (London, England) England), 2015-08, Vol.10 (15), p.2379-2404
Main Authors: Yin, Rui, Agrawal, Tanupriya, Khan, Usman, Gupta, Gaurav K, Rai, Vikrant, Huang, Ying-Ying, Hamblin, Michael R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bacteria
Bacteria - radiation effects
carbon nanomaterials
Catalysis
Disinfection
fungi
Health aspects
Innovations
Light
liposomes
Methods
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Nanomedicine
Nanoparticles
Photocatalysis
Photochemotherapy
photodynamic therapy
photoinactivation
photosensitizer
titania photocatalysis
upconversion
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Summary:The relentless advance of drug-resistance among pathogenic microbes, mandates a search for alternative approaches that will not cause resistance. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) involves the combination of nontoxic dyes with harmless visible light to produce reactive oxygen species that can selectively kill microbial cells. PDI can be broad-spectrum in nature and can also destroy microbial cells in biofilms. Many different kinds of nanoparticles have been studied to potentiate antimicrobial PDI by improving photosensitizer solubility, photochemistry, photophysics and targeting. This review will cover photocatalytic disinfection with titania nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials (fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene), liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles. Natural polymers (chitosan and cellulose), gold and silver plasmonic nanoparticles, mesoporous silica, magnetic and upconverting nanoparticles have all been used for PDI.
ISSN:1743-5889
1748-6963
DOI:10.2217/nnm.15.67