Electroporation of mammalian cells by nanosecond electric field oscillations and its inhibition by the electric field reversal

The present study compared electroporation efficiency of bipolar and unipolar nanosecond electric field oscillations (NEFO). Bipolar NEFO was a damped sine wave with 140 ns first phase duration at 50% height; the peak amplitude of phases 2–4 decreased to 35%, 12% and 7% of the first phase. This wave...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2015-09, Vol.5 (1), p.13818-13818, Article 13818
Main Authors: Gianulis, Elena C., Lee, Jimo, Jiang, Chunqi, Xiao, Shu, Ibey, Bennet L., Pakhomov, Andrei G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/57/2270
631/57/2283
Animals
Calcium
Calcium - chemistry
Cell Line
Cell Membrane - metabolism
Cell Membrane Permeability
CHO Cells
Cricetulus
Culture Media - chemistry
Electric fields
Electrophysiological Phenomena
Electroporation
Electroporation - methods
Humanities and Social Sciences
Mammalian cells
Membrane conductance
Membranes
Mice
multidisciplinary
Oscillations
Polarity
Science
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Summary:The present study compared electroporation efficiency of bipolar and unipolar nanosecond electric field oscillations (NEFO). Bipolar NEFO was a damped sine wave with 140 ns first phase duration at 50% height; the peak amplitude of phases 2–4 decreased to 35%, 12% and 7% of the first phase. This waveform was rectified to produce unipolar NEFO by cutting off phases 2 and 4. Membrane permeabilization was quantified in CHO and GH3 cells by uptake of a membrane integrity marker dye YO-PRO-1 (YP) and by the membrane conductance increase measured by patch clamp. For treatments with 1–20 unipolar NEFO, at 9.6–24 kV/cm, 10 Hz, the rate and amount of YP uptake were consistently 2-3-fold higher than after bipolar NEFO treatments, despite delivering less energy. However, the threshold amplitude was about 7 kV/cm for both NEFO waveforms. A single 14.4 kV/cm unipolar NEFO caused a 1.5–2 times greater increase in membrane conductance (p 
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep13818