Increase in dicentric chromosome formation after a single CT scan in adults

• Published in: Scientific reports 2015-09, Vol.5 (1), p.13882-13882, Article 13882
• Main Authors: Abe, Yu, Miura, Tomisato, Yoshida, Mitsuaki A., Ujiie, Risa, Kurosu, Yumiko, Kato, Nagisa, Katafuchi, Atsushi, Tsuyama, Naohiro, Ohba, Takashi, Inamasu, Tomoko, Shishido, Fumio, Noji, Hideyoshi, Ogawa, Kazuei, Yokouchi, Hiroshi, Kanazawa, Kenya, Ishida, Takashi, Muto, Satoshi, Ohsugi, Jun, Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Ishikawa, Tetsuo, Kamiya, Kenji, Sakai, Akira
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/80/103/90; 692/308/2056; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain tumors; Cells, Cultured; Children; Chromosome Aberrations - radiation effects; Chromosomes; Computational neuroscience; Computed tomography; Disseminated intravascular coagulation; Dosimetry; Female; Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Ionizing radiation; Leukemia; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes - metabolism; Lymphocytes - radiation effects; Lymphoma - diagnostic imaging; Lymphoma - drug therapy; Lymphoma - radiotherapy; Male; Medical imaging; Metaphase - genetics; Metaphase - radiation effects; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Peripheral blood; Radiation Dosage; Radiation, Ionizing; Science; Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - adverse effects
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/srep13882

Excess risk of leukemia and brain tumors after CT scans in children has been reported. We performed dicentric chromosome assay (DCAs) before and after CT scan to assess effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on chromosomes. Peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes were collected from 10 patients before and after a CT scan. DCA was performed by analyzing either 1,000 or 2,000 metaphases using both Giemsa staining and centromere-fluorescence in situ hybridization (Centromere-FISH). The increment of DIC formation was compared with effective radiation dose calculated using the computational dosimetry system, WAZA-ARI and dose length product (DLP) in a CT scan. Dicentric chromosome (DIC) formation increased significantly after a single CT scan and increased DIC formation was found in all patients. A good correlation between the increment of DIC formation determined by analysis of 2,000 metaphases using Giemsa staining and those by 2,000 metaphases using Centromere-FISH was observed. However, no correlation was observed between the increment of DIC formation and the effective radiation dose. Therefore, these results suggest that chromosome cleavage may be induced by one CT scan and we recommend 2,000 or more metaphases be analyzed in Giemsa staining or Centromere-FISH for DCAs in cases of low-dose radiation exposure.