High-throughput sequencing and morphology perform equally well for benthic monitoring of marine ecosystems

Environmental diversity surveys are crucial for the bioassessment of anthropogenic impacts on marine ecosystems. Traditional benthic monitoring relying on morphotaxonomic inventories of macrofaunal communities is expensive, time-consuming and expertise-demanding. High-throughput sequencing of enviro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2015-09, Vol.5 (1), p.13932-13932, Article 13932
Main Authors: Lejzerowicz, Franck, Esling, Philippe, Pillet, Loïc, Wilding, Thomas A., Black, Kenneth D., Pawlowski, Jan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
45/23
45/77
631/158/2456
631/326/2565/855
Animals
Anthropogenic factors
Aquaculture
Aquatic Organisms
Biodiversity
Biodiversity and Ecology
Computational Biology - methods
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
DNA sequencing
Ecosystem
Environmental DNA
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental Sciences
Farms
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Humanities and Social Sciences
Inventories
Marine ecosystems
Morphology
multidisciplinary
Phylogeny
rRNA 18S
Science
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Summary:Environmental diversity surveys are crucial for the bioassessment of anthropogenic impacts on marine ecosystems. Traditional benthic monitoring relying on morphotaxonomic inventories of macrofaunal communities is expensive, time-consuming and expertise-demanding. High-throughput sequencing of environmental DNA barcodes (metabarcoding) offers an alternative to describe biological communities. However, whether the metabarcoding approach meets the quality standards of benthic monitoring remains to be tested. Here, we compared morphological and eDNA/RNA-based inventories of metazoans from samples collected at 10 stations around a fish farm in Scotland, including near-cage and distant zones. For each of 5 replicate samples per station, we sequenced the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene using the Illumina technology. After filtering, we obtained 841,766 metazoan sequences clustered in 163 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). We assigned the OTUs by combining local BLAST searches with phylogenetic analyses. We calculated two commonly used indices: the Infaunal Trophic Index and the AZTI Marine Biotic Index. We found that the molecular data faithfully reflect the morphology-based indices and provides an equivalent assessment of the impact associated with fish farms activities. We advocate that future benthic monitoring should integrate metabarcoding as a rapid and accurate tool for the evaluation of the quality of marine benthic ecosystems.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep13932