Broccoli sprout extract induces detoxification-related gene expression and attenuates acute liver injury

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2015-09, Vol.21 (35), p.10091-10103
• Main Authors: Yoshida, Kazutaka, Ushida, Yusuke, Ishijima, Tomoko, Suganuma, Hiroyuki, Inakuma, Takahiro, Yajima, Nobuhiro, Abe, Keiko, Nakai, Yuji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetaminophen; Animals; Basic Study; Biomarkers - blood; Brassica - chemistry; Broccoli; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - blood; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - genetics; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - pathology; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Galactosamine; Gene Expression Profiling - methods; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Glutathione - metabolism; Inactivation, Metabolic - drug effects; Inactivation, Metabolic - genetics; injury; G; liver; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Liver - pathology; Male; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plants, Medicinal; Protective Agents - isolation & purification; Protective Agents - pharmacology; Rats, Wistar; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Seedlings; sprout; Galactosamine; Acute; Time Factors
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i35.10091

AIM: To investigate the effects of broccoli sprout extract(BSEx) on liver gene expression and acute liver injury in the rat.METHODS: First, the effects of BSEx on liver gene expression were examined. Male rats were divided into two groups. The Control group was fed the AIN-76 diet, and the BSEx group was fed the AIN-76 diet containing BSEx. After a 10-d feeding period, rats were sacrificed and their livers were used for DNA microarray and realtime reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analyses. Next, the effects of BSEx on acute liver injury were examined. In experiments using acute liver injury models, 1000 mg/kg acetaminophen(APAP) or 350 mg/kg D-galactosamine(D-Gal N) was used to induce injury. These male rats were divided into four groups: Control, BSEx, Inducer(APAP or D-Gal N), and Inducer+BSEx. The feeding regimens were identical for the two analyses. Twenty-four hours following APAP administration via p.o. or D-Gal N administration via i.p., rats were sacrificed to determine serum aspartate transaminase(AST) and alanine transaminase(ALT) levels, hepatic glutathione(GSH) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances accumulation and glutathioneS-transferase(GST) activity. RESULTS: Microarray and real-time RT-PCR analyses revealed that BSEx upregulated the expression of genes related to detoxification and glutathione synthesis in normal rat liver. The levels of AST(70.91 ± 15.74 IU/m L vs 5614.41 ± 1997.83 IU/m L, P < 0.05) and ALT(11.78 ± 2.08 IU/m L vs 1297.71 ± 447.33 IU/m L, P < 0.05) were significantly suppressed in the APAP + BSEx group compared with the APAP group. The level of GSH(2.61 ± 0.75 nmol/g tissue vs 1.66 ± 0.59 nmol/g tissue, P < 0.05) and liver GST activity(93.19 ± 16.55 U/g tissue vs 51.90 ± 16.85 U/g tissue, P < 0.05) were significantly increased in the APAP + BSEx group compared with the APAP group. AST(4820.05 ± 3094.93 IU/m L vs 12465.63 ± 3223.97 IU/m L, P < 0.05) and ALT(1808.95 ± 1014.04 IU/m L vs 3936.46 ± 777.52 IU/m L, P < 0.05) levels were significantly suppressed in the D-Gal N + BSEx group compared with the D-Gal N group, but the levels of AST and ALT in the D-Gal N + BSEx group were higher than those in the APAP + BSEx group. The level of GST activity was significantly increased in the D-Gal N + BSEx group compared with the D-Gal N group(98.04 ± 15.75 U/g tissue vs 53.15 ± 8.14 U/g tissue, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that BSEx protected the liver from various types of xe