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Chorion Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Superior Differentiation, Immunosuppressive, and Angiogenic Potentials in Comparison With Haploidentical Maternal Placental Cells
The biological characteristics of haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from fetal sources were analyzed and compared with maternal decidua MSCs. The results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit...
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Published in: | Stem cells translational medicine 2015-10, Vol.4 (10), p.1109-1121 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Request full text |
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Summary: | The biological characteristics of haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from fetal sources were analyzed and compared with maternal decidua MSCs. The results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. The results also show evidence positioning fetoplacental cells in the forefront of the quest for superior cell types for applications in regenerative medicine.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of placental origin have become increasingly translational owing to their abundance and accessibility. MSCs of different origin share several features but also present biological differences that might point to distinct clinical properties. Hence, mixing fetal and maternal cells from the same placenta can lead to contradicting results. We analyzed the biological characteristics of haploidentical MSCs isolated from fetal sources, including the umbilical cord (UC‐MSCs) and chorion (Ch‐MSCs), compared with maternal decidua MSCs (Dc‐MSCs). All MSCs were analyzed for general stem cell properties. In addition, immunosuppressive capacity was assessed by the inhibition of T‐cell proliferation, and angiogenic potential was evaluated in a Matrigel transplantation assay. The comparison between haploidentical MSCs displayed several distinct features, including (a) marked differences in the expression of CD56, (b) a higher proliferative capacity for Dc‐MSCs and UC‐MSCs than for Ch‐MSCs, (c) a diversity of mesodermal differentiation potential in favor of fetal MSCs, (d) a higher capacity for Ch‐MSCs to inhibit T‐cell proliferation, and (e) superior angiogenic potential of Ch‐MSCs evidenced by a higher capability to form tubular vessel‐like structures and an enhanced release of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor under hypoxic conditions. Our results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. Finally, our work presents evidence positioning fetoplacental cells and notably Ch‐MSCs in the forefront of the quest for cell types that are superior for applications in regenerative medicine.
Significance
This study analyzed the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from fetal and maternal placental origins. The findings can be summarized as follows: (a) important differences wer |
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ISSN: | 2157-6564 2157-6580 |
DOI: | 10.5966/sctm.2015-0022 |