Vitamin K: an old vitamin in a new perspective

The topic of "Vitamin K" is currently booming on the health products market. Vitamin K is known to be important for blood coagulation. Current research increasingly indicates that the antihaemorrhagic vitamin has a considerable benefit in the prevention and treatment of bone and vascular d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Dermato-endocrinology 2014-01, Vol.6 (1), p.e968490-e968490
Main Authors: Gröber, U, Reichrath, J, Holick, MF, Kisters, K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood coagulation
bone health
Calcification
Calcium homeostasis
Carboxylation
cardiovascular health
Endoplasmic reticulum
Homeostasis
matrix GLA protein
menaquinone-7
Menaquinones
Mineralization
Osteocalcin
Oxidation
phylloquinone
Protein C
Protein S
Proteins
Prothrombin
Research Paper
Vascular diseases
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
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Summary:The topic of "Vitamin K" is currently booming on the health products market. Vitamin K is known to be important for blood coagulation. Current research increasingly indicates that the antihaemorrhagic vitamin has a considerable benefit in the prevention and treatment of bone and vascular disease. Vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone) is more abundant in foods but less bioactive than the vitamin K 2 menaquinones (especially MK-7, menaquinone-7). Vitamin K compounds undergo oxidation-reduction cycling within the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, donating electrons to activate specific proteins via enzymatic gamma-carboxylation of glutamate groups before being enzymatically reduced. Along with coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X, and prothrombin), protein C and protein S, osteocalcin (OC), matrix Gla protein (MGP), periostin, Gas6, and other vitamin K-dependent (VKD) proteins support calcium homeostasis, inhibit vessel wall calcification, support endothelial integrity, facilitate bone mineralization, are involved in tissue renewal and cell growth control, and have numerous other effects. The following review describes the history of vitamin K, the physiological significance of the K vitamers, updates skeletal and cardiovascular benefits and important interactions with drugs.
ISSN:1938-1972
1938-1980
1938-1980
DOI:10.4161/19381972.2014.968490