Regulation of signaling interactions and receptor endocytosis in growing blood vessels

Blood vessels and the lymphatic vasculature are extensive tubular networks formed by endothelial cells that have several indispensable functions in the developing and adult organism. During growth and tissue regeneration but also in many pathological settings, these vascular networks expand, which i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell adhesion & migration 2014-07, Vol.8 (4), p.366-377
Main Authors: Pitulescu, Mara E, Adams, Ralf H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Blood Vessels - growth & development
Endocytosis
endothelial cells
Endothelial Cells - physiology
Eph
ephrin
Ephrin-B2 - metabolism
Fibrosis
Humans
Kidney - pathology
Mice
Morphogenesis
mural cells
Neovascularization, Pathologic
Neovascularization, Physiologic
receptor
Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism
Receptor, EphB4 - metabolism
Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta - metabolism
Signal Transduction
Special Focus: Ephrin Signaling: Reviews
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 - metabolism
Zebrafish
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Summary:Blood vessels and the lymphatic vasculature are extensive tubular networks formed by endothelial cells that have several indispensable functions in the developing and adult organism. During growth and tissue regeneration but also in many pathological settings, these vascular networks expand, which is critically controlled by the receptor EphB4 and the ligand ephrin-B2. An increasing body of evidence links Eph/ephrin molecules to the function of other receptor tyrosine kinases and cell surface receptors. In the endothelium, ephrin-B2 is required for clathrin-dependent internalization and full signaling activity of VEGFR2, the main receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor. In vascular smooth muscle cells, ephrin-B2 antagonizes clathrin-dependent endocytosis of PDGFRβ and controls the balanced activation of different signal transduction processes after stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor. This review summarizes the important roles of Eph/ephrin molecules in vascular morphogenesis and explains the function of ephrin-B2 as a molecular hub for receptor endocytosis in the vasculature.
ISSN:1933-6918
1933-6926
DOI:10.4161/19336918.2014.970010