Is hand hygiene before putting on nonsterile gloves in the intensive care unit a waste of health care worker time?—A randomized controlled trial

• Published in: American journal of infection control 2013-11, Vol.41 (11), p.994-996
• Main Authors: Rock, Clare, MD, Harris, Anthony D., MD, MPH, Reich, Nicholas G., PhD, Johnson, J. Kristie, PhD, Thom, Kerri A., MD, MS
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alcohol hand rub; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Biological and medical sciences; Colony Count, Microbial; Cross Infection - prevention & control; Epidemiology. Vaccinations; General aspects; Gloves; Gloves, Surgical - utilization; Hand - microbiology; Hand Hygiene - methods; Handwashing; Health care-associated infection; Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models; Humans; Hygiene; Infection Control; Infection Control - methods; Infectious Disease; Infectious diseases; Intensive Care Units; Medical personnel; Medical sciences; Nosocomial infection; Nosocomial infections; Prospective Studies; Staphylococcus infections
• ISSN: 0196-6553; 1527-3296
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.04.007

Background Hand hygiene (HH) is recognized as a basic effective measure in prevention of nosocomial infections. However, the importance of HH before donning nonsterile gloves is unknown, and few published studies address this issue. Despite the lack of evidence, the World Health Organization and other leading bodies recommend this practice. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of HH before donning nonsterile gloves prior to patient contact. Methods A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of health care workers entering Contact Isolation rooms in intensive care units was performed. Baseline finger and palm prints were made from dominant hands onto agar plates. Health care workers were then randomized to directly don nonsterile gloves or perform HH and then don nonsterile gloves. Postgloving finger and palm prints were then made from the gloved hands. Plates were incubated and colony-forming units (CFU) of bacteria were counted. Results Total bacterial colony counts of gloved hands did not differ between the 2 groups (6.9 vs 8.1 CFU, respectively, P  = .52). Staphylococcus aureus was identified from gloves (once in “hand hygiene prior to gloving” group, twice in “direct gloving” group). All other organisms were expected commensal flora. Conclusion HH before donning nonsterile gloves does not decrease already low bacterial counts on gloves. The utility of HH before donning nonsterile gloves may be unnecessary.