Nrf2 promotes survival following exposure to ionizing radiation

Nrf2 is a transcription factor that promotes antioxidant and drug-metabolizing gene expression. It also regulates the transcription of genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, NADPH regeneration, and heme and iron metabolism, as well as proteasome metabolism. Emerging research has identi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Free radical biology & medicine 2015-11, Vol.88 (Pt B), p.268-274
Main Authors: Sekhar, Konjeti R., Freeman, Michael L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell and tissue damage
Cell Survival - physiology
Cell Survival - radiation effects
DNA repair
DNA Repair - physiology
Humans
Ionizing radiation
NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism
Nrf2
Radiation Tolerance - physiology
Radiation, Ionizing
Reactive oxygen species
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Summary:Nrf2 is a transcription factor that promotes antioxidant and drug-metabolizing gene expression. It also regulates the transcription of genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, NADPH regeneration, and heme and iron metabolism, as well as proteasome metabolism. Emerging research has identified Nrf2 as a critical factor for promoting survival of mammalian cells subjected to ionizing radiation. At a mechanistic level, Nrf2 promotes the repair of DNA damage and drives detoxification of superoxide that is generated hours to days after irradiation. This review summarizes research in these areas and discusses targeting of Nrf2 in radiation-resistant cancer and Nrf2׳s role in mitigating acute radiation syndrome. [Display omitted] •Nrf2 is a ROS detoxification factor.•Nrf2 enhances DNA DSB repair and base excision repair.•Nrf2 suppresses TGF-β signaling.
ISSN:0891-5849
1873-4596
DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.035