Discovery of a novel nidovirus in cattle with respiratory disease

The family Coronaviridae represents a diverse group of vertebrate RNA viruses, all with genomes greater than 26,000 nt. Here, we report the discovery and genetic characterization of a novel virus present in cattle with respiratory disease. Phylogenetic characterization of this virus revealed that it...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of general virology 2015-08, Vol.96 (8), p.2188-2193
Main Authors: Tokarz, Rafal, Sameroff, Stephen, Hesse, Richard A, Hause, Ben M, Desai, Aaloki, Jain, Komal, Ian Lipkin, W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cattle
Cattle Diseases - virology
Genome, Viral
Molecular Sequence Data
Nidovirales - classification
Nidovirales - genetics
Nidovirales - isolation & purification
Nidovirales - physiology
Nidovirales Infections - veterinary
Nidovirales Infections - virology
Open Reading Frames
Phylogeny
Respiratory Tract Diseases - virology
Short Communication
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Summary:The family Coronaviridae represents a diverse group of vertebrate RNA viruses, all with genomes greater than 26,000 nt. Here, we report the discovery and genetic characterization of a novel virus present in cattle with respiratory disease. Phylogenetic characterization of this virus revealed that it clusters within the subfamily Torovirinae, in the family Coronaviridae. The complete genome consists of only 20,261 nt and represents the smallest reported coronavirus genome. We identified seven ORFs, including the canonical nidovirus ORF1a and ORF1b. Analysis of polyprotein 1ab revealed that this virus, tentatively named bovine nidovirus (BoNV), shares the highest homology with the recently described python-borne nidoviruses and contains several conserved nidovirus motifs, but does not encode the NendoU or O-MT domains that are present in other viruses within the family Coronaviridae. In concert with its reduced genome, the atypical domain architecture indicates that this virus represents a unique lineage within the order Nidovirales.
ISSN:0022-1317
1465-2099
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.000166